Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold

Au + 3HCl + HNO₃ → HAuCl₄ + NO + 2H₂O

ภาพรวม

Aqua regia (3:1 mixture of HCl and HNO₃) dissolves gold, which is inert to either acid alone. Nitric acid oxidizes gold to Au³⁺ while hydrochloric acid provides chloride ions that stabilize the gold as [AuCl₄]⁻ complex. The synergy between the two acids makes aqua regia effective against noble metals.

ผู้เข้าร่วม

บทบาท	สาร	สัมประสิทธิ์	สถานะ
สารตั้งต้น	Gold Au	1	(s)
สารตั้งต้น	Nitric Acid HNO₃	1	(aq)
สารตั้งต้น	Hydrochloric Acid HCl	3	(aq)
ผลิตภัณฑ์	Water H₂O	2	(l)

ตัวอย่างในชีวิตประจำวัน

During WWII, George de Hevesy dissolved the Nobel Prize gold medals of Max von Laue and James Franck in aqua regia to hide them from the Nazis.

ความสำคัญทางอุตสาหกรรม

Aqua regia is used in gold refining, analytical chemistry for dissolving noble metals, and in recovering precious metals from electronic waste.

คุณสมบัติ

ประเภท: Redox
ย้อนกลับได้: ไม่
พลังงาน: คายความร้อน
ΔH: -150.0 kJ/mol

ปฏิกิริยาที่เกี่ยวข้อง

Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite Copper Reduction of Silver Ion Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II) Chlorine Oxidation of Bromide Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic) Zinc Reduction of Silver Ion Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold?

The balanced equation is: Au + 3HCl + HNO₃ → HAuCl₄ + NO + 2H₂O.

What type of reaction is Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold?

Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold is a redox reaction.

Is Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold exothermic or endothermic?

Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -150.0 kJ/mol.