Hydration of Ethylene

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

Übersicht

Ethylene undergoes acid-catalyzed hydration to form ethanol. This is the primary industrial method for producing synthetic ethanol, using phosphoric acid on a silica support at 300 C and 70 atm. The reaction is exothermic but requires high temperature for kinetic reasons.

Teilnehmer

Rolle Substanz Koeffizient Zustand
Reaktant Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
Reaktant Water H₂O 1 (g)
Produkt Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)

Alltägliches Beispiel

Industrial ethanol for solvents, fuels, and chemical feedstock is primarily produced by this catalytic hydration of ethylene from petroleum.

Industrielle Bedeutung

Over 5 million tonnes of synthetic ethanol are produced annually by ethylene hydration, mainly for industrial solvent and chemical intermediate use.

Eigenschaften

Typ
Organic
Reversibel
Ja
Energie
Exotherm
ΔH
-44,0 kJ/mol
Katalysator
Phosphoric acid on silica

Verwandte Reaktionen

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Hydration of Ethylene?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH.
What type of reaction is Hydration of Ethylene?
Hydration of Ethylene is a organic reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Hydration of Ethylene exothermic or endothermic?
Hydration of Ethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -44.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Hydration of Ethylene?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Phosphoric acid on silica).