Produksi Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dengan Fermentasi

Penguat rasa umami yang diproduksi oleh fermentasi bakteri

Food Processing & Preservation Global Industrial Scale $6.2 billion

Ikhtisar

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is produced by aerobic fermentation of Corynebacterium glutamicum on sugar substrates, followed by crystallization of the sodium salt. Discovered by Kikunae Ikeda in 1908 as the compound responsible for umami taste, MSG is now the most produced amino acid worldwide. The fermentation process was developed in the 1950s, replacing the original hydrolysis of wheat gluten or soy protein. China produces over 60% of the world's MSG supply.

Proses Kimia

Corynebacterium glutamicum is grown aerobically on glucose or cane molasses at 30-37 degrees C for 30-40 hours, secreting L-glutamic acid into the broth at concentrations up to 150 g/L. The broth is acidified to precipitate glutamic acid crystals at pH 3.2 (isoelectric point), which are then dissolved, neutralized with NaOH, and recrystallized as MSG monohydrate.

C₆H₁₂O₆ + NH₃ + O₂ →[C. glutamicum] HOOC-CH(NH₂)-CH₂-CH₂-COOH + CO₂ + H₂O
L-Glutamic acid + NaOH → MSG + H₂O

Bahan Baku

  • Glucose or cane molasses — Corn wet milling or sugar refining (Carbon source)
  • Ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄) — Chemical synthesis (Nitrogen source)
  • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) — Chlor-alkali process (Neutralization agent)

Produk Akhir

  • MSG monohydrate (C₅H₈NNaO₄·H₂O) — Flavor enhancer (umami) (Food-grade, >99% purity)
<path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M12 9v3.75m-9.303 3.376c-.866 1.5.217 3.374 1.948 3.374h14.71c1.73 0 2.813-1.874 1.948-3.374L13.949 3.378c-.866-1.5-3.032-1.5-3.898 0L2.697 16.126zM12 15.75h.007v.008H12v-.008z" />

Environmental Impact

Fermentation wastewater has high nitrogen and BOD content. The ammonium sulfate mother liquor from crystallization can be used as fertilizer. Modern plants achieve 85-90% substrate conversion, minimizing waste. Some facilities use biogas from wastewater treatment for energy recovery.

Pertimbangan Keselamatan

Inovasi Terbaru

Metabolic engineering has produced C. glutamicum strains with glutamate yields exceeding 50% of theoretical maximum.
Continuous fermentation with cell recycling membrane bioreactors improves productivity and reduces batch turnaround time.

Skala Produksi

3500000

ton/tahun

$6.2 billion

nilai pasar

Lebih banyak di %(name)s Food Processing & Preservation

Fermentasi Etanol untuk Minuman dan Penggunaan Industri

Global Industrial Scale

Pemurnian dan Kristalisasi Gula

Global Industrial Scale

Produksi Asam Fosfat Kelas Pangan

Global Industrial Scale

Produksi Asam Laktat untuk Pengawetan Makanan

Global Industrial Scale

Produksi Asam Sitrat dengan Fermentasi Aspergillus niger

Global Industrial Scale

Produksi Enzimatis Sirup Jagung Fruktosa Tinggi (HFCS)

Global Industrial Scale

Sintesis Industri Vitamin C (Asam Askorbat)

Global Industrial Scale

Frequently Asked Questions

What industry uses Produksi Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dengan Fermentasi?
Produksi Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dengan Fermentasi is used in the food processing & preservation sector at global industrial scale scale.
What process is involved in Produksi Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dengan Fermentasi?
Corynebacterium glutamicum is grown aerobically on glucose or cane molasses at 30-37 degrees C for 30-40 hours, secreting L-glutamic acid into the broth at concentrations up to 150 g/L. The broth is acidified to precipitate glutamic acid crystals at pH 3.2 (isoelectric point), which are then dissolv
What is the economic significance of Produksi Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dengan Fermentasi?
Produksi Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dengan Fermentasi has a market value of $6.2 billion and annual production of 3,500,000 tons.
What is the environmental impact of Produksi Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dengan Fermentasi?
Fermentation wastewater has high nitrogen and BOD content. The ammonium sulfate mother liquor from crystallization can be used as fertilizer. Modern plants achieve 85-90% substrate conversion, minimizing waste. Some facilities use biogas from wastewater treatment for energy recovery.
What raw materials are used in Produksi Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dengan Fermentasi?
The main raw materials include: Glucose or cane molasses, Ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH).