Produksi Nilon 6,6 melalui Polikondensasi

Serat sintetis pertama yang berhasil secara komersial

Materials Science & Polymers Global Industrial Scale $26 billion

Ikhtisar

Nylon 6,6 is produced by the polycondensation of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, forming one of the most important engineering thermoplastics and synthetic fibers. Invented by Wallace Carothers at DuPont in 1935, nylon was the first fully synthetic fiber and revolutionized the textile industry. Beyond fibers, nylon 6,6 is used for automotive parts, electrical connectors, cable ties, and industrial components due to its excellent mechanical properties and chemical resistance.

Proses Kimia

Hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid are combined in equimolar ratio to form nylon salt (AH salt), which is dissolved in water. The solution is heated under pressure (18 bar) to 220 degrees C, then pressure is released to drive off steam while temperature is raised to 280 degrees C. The melt is extruded, quenched, and cut into chips or directly spun into fiber.

nH2N(CH2)6NH2 + nHOOC(CH2)4COOH -> -[NH(CH2)6NH-CO(CH2)4CO]n- + (2n-1)H2O (step-growth polycondensation)

Bahan Baku

  • Hexamethylenediamine (H2N(CH2)6NH2) — Hydrogenation of adiponitrile (Diamine monomer)
  • Adipic acid (HOOC(CH2)4COOH) — Oxidation of cyclohexane with nitric acid (Diacid monomer)

Produk Akhir

  • Nylon 6,6 resin/fiber — Textiles, carpets, automotive parts, electrical connectors (Tm = 265 degrees C, excellent abrasion resistance)
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Environmental Impact

Adipic acid production is a significant source of N2O, a greenhouse gas 298 times more potent than CO2. Catalytic N2O abatement is now standard at adipic acid plants, reducing emissions by over 90%. Nylon 6,6 is recyclable by depolymerization back to monomers, though this is not yet widely practiced.

Pertimbangan Keselamatan

Inovasi Terbaru

Bio-based adipic acid from renewable feedstocks (muconic acid route from glucose) is in commercial development.
Chemical recycling of nylon 6,6 back to monomers by depolymerization enables closed-loop production.

Skala Produksi

4000000

ton/tahun

$26 billion

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Frequently Asked Questions

What industry uses Produksi Nilon 6,6 melalui Polikondensasi?
Produksi Nilon 6,6 melalui Polikondensasi is used in the materials science & polymers sector at global industrial scale scale.
What process is involved in Produksi Nilon 6,6 melalui Polikondensasi?
Hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid are combined in equimolar ratio to form nylon salt (AH salt), which is dissolved in water. The solution is heated under pressure (18 bar) to 220 degrees C, then pressure is released to drive off steam while temperature is raised to 280 degrees C. The melt is extr
What is the economic significance of Produksi Nilon 6,6 melalui Polikondensasi?
Produksi Nilon 6,6 melalui Polikondensasi has a market value of $26 billion and annual production of 4,000,000 tons.
What is the environmental impact of Produksi Nilon 6,6 melalui Polikondensasi?
Adipic acid production is a significant source of N2O, a greenhouse gas 298 times more potent than CO2. Catalytic N2O abatement is now standard at adipic acid plants, reducing emissions by over 90%. Nylon 6,6 is recyclable by depolymerization back to monomers, though this is not yet widely practiced
What raw materials are used in Produksi Nilon 6,6 melalui Polikondensasi?
The main raw materials include: Hexamethylenediamine (H2N(CH2)6NH2), Adipic acid (HOOC(CH2)4COOH).