Calcium Oxalate Precipitation (Kidney Stones)

CaCl2 + Na2C2O4 → CaC2O4↓ + 2NaCl

Ikhtisar

Calcium chloride reacts with sodium oxalate to form a white precipitate of calcium oxalate (Ksp = 2.3 × 10⁻⁹). Calcium oxalate is the primary component of approximately 80% of kidney stones. The monohydrate form (whewellite) is thermodynamically favored and forms the hardest, most painful stones.

Peserta

Peran Zat Koefisien Keadaan
Reaktan Oxalic Acid C₂H₂O₄ 1 (aq)
Produk Sodium Chloride NaCl 2 (aq)

Contoh Sehari-hari

Most kidney stones are calcium oxalate crystals. Foods high in oxalate (spinach, rhubarb, almonds) can increase stone risk.

Pentingnya dalam Industri

Understanding calcium oxalate precipitation is critical in nephrology, food science (oxalate content analysis), and in beer brewing (beer stone prevention).

Sifat

Jenis
Precipitation
Dapat Dibalik
Tidak
Energi
Eksoterm
ΔH
-12,0 kJ/mol

Reaksi Terkait

Aluminum Hydroxide Precipitation Barium Carbonate Precipitation Barium Sulfate Precipitation Cadmium Sulfide Precipitation (Yellow) Calcium Fluoride Precipitation (Fluorite) Calcium Phosphate Precipitation (Bone Mineral) Chromium(III) Hydroxide Precipitation Lead Carbonate Precipitation Lead Chloride Precipitation Iron(III) Hydroxide Precipitation

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Calcium Oxalate Precipitation (Kidney Stones)?
The balanced equation is: CaCl₂ + Na₂C₂O₄ → CaC₂O₄↓ + 2NaCl.
What type of reaction is Calcium Oxalate Precipitation (Kidney Stones)?
Calcium Oxalate Precipitation (Kidney Stones) is a precipitation reaction.
Is Calcium Oxalate Precipitation (Kidney Stones) exothermic or endothermic?
Calcium Oxalate Precipitation (Kidney Stones) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -12.0 kJ/mol.