Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene

C₂H₄ + HBr → C₂H₅Br

ภาพรวม

Ethylene undergoes electrophilic addition with hydrogen bromide to form bromoethane. The pi electrons of the C=C double bond attack the electrophilic hydrogen of HBr, forming a carbocation intermediate that is then attacked by bromide. For unsymmetrical alkenes, Markovnikov's rule predicts the major product.

ผู้เข้าร่วม

บทบาท	สาร	สัมประสิทธิ์	สถานะ
สารตั้งต้น	Ethylene C₂H₄	1	(g)

ตัวอย่างในชีวิตประจำวัน

This type of addition reaction is how the chemical industry converts simple alkenes from petroleum cracking into useful alkyl halides.

ความสำคัญทางอุตสาหกรรม

Alkyl halides produced by HX addition are intermediates for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and Grignard reagent preparation.

คุณสมบัติ

ประเภท: Organic
ย้อนกลับได้: ไม่
พลังงาน: คายความร้อน
ΔH: -53.0 kJ/mol

ปฏิกิริยาที่เกี่ยวข้อง

Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene Condensation Polymerization (Nylon 6,6) Cope Rearrangement Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene?

The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + HBr → C₂H₅Br.

What type of reaction is Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene?

Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene is a organic reaction.

Is Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene exothermic or endothermic?

Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -53.0 kJ/mol.