Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror)

RCHO + 2Ag(NH3)2+ + 2OH− → RCOO− + 2Ag + 4NH3 + H2O

ภาพรวม

Tollens' reagent (silver-ammonia complex) is reduced to metallic silver by aldehydes, producing a silver mirror on the test tube walls. The aldehyde is oxidized to a carboxylate. This test distinguishes aldehydes from ketones, as ketones cannot be easily oxidized. It was historically used for mirror manufacturing.

ผู้เข้าร่วม

บทบาท สาร สัมประสิทธิ์ สถานะ
ผลิตภัณฑ์ Water H₂O 1 (l)
ผลิตภัณฑ์ Silver Ag 2 (s)
ผลิตภัณฑ์ Ammonia NH₃ 4 (aq)

ตัวอย่างในชีวิตประจำวัน

The silver mirror test creates a beautiful reflective coating on glass, and this chemistry was actually used to make mirrors commercially.

ความสำคัญทางอุตสาหกรรม

Tollens' test is used in organic chemistry for aldehyde identification. Silver mirror manufacturing by chemical reduction is still used for high-quality mirrors.

คุณสมบัติ

ประเภท
Redox
ย้อนกลับได้
ไม่
พลังงาน
คายความร้อน
ΔH
-135.0 kJ/mol

ปฏิกิริยาที่เกี่ยวข้อง

Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite Copper Reduction of Silver Ion Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II) Chlorine Oxidation of Bromide Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic) Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror)?
The balanced equation is: RCHO + 2Ag(NH₃)₂⁺ + 2OH⁻ → RCOO⁻ + 2Ag + 4NH₃ + H₂O.
What type of reaction is Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror)?
Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror) is a redox reaction.
Is Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror) exothermic or endothermic?
Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -135.0 kJ/mol.