Vergleichslabor für Flammentests

Mehrere Metalle testen und eine Referenztabelle der Flammenfarben erstellen

Flame Tests Intermediate (High School) 45 Min. ~$25,00

Ziel

Flammentests an sechs verschiedenen Metallsalzen durchführen, um eine Referenztabelle charakteristischer Flammenfarben für die qualitative Analyse zu erstellen.

Hintergrund

This comprehensive flame test lab tests multiple metal salts side by side, building a reference chart that students can use for unknown identification. By comparing the flame colors of lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, strontium, and copper directly, students develop the observational skills needed for qualitative chemical analysis.

Sicherheitswarnungen

  • Wear safety goggles at all times
  • Wear gloves when handling copper chloride
  • Handle HCl with care — avoid contact with skin
  • Keep hair tied back near open flames
  • Clean wire between each test to prevent cross-contamination

Erforderliche PSA

goggles gloves lab_coat

Materialien

  • Lithium chloride (LiCl) (0.5 g)
  • Sodium chloride (NaCl) (0.5 g)
  • Potassium chloride (KCl) (0.5 g)
  • Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) (0.5 g)
  • Strontium chloride (SrCl₂) (0.5 g)
  • Copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂) (0.5 g)
    Toxic
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)
    1M concentration
  • Cobalt blue glass (1 piece)
    For potassium identification

Ausrüstung

Bunsen burner Nichrome wire loop 6 labeled watch glasses Forceps Lab notebook

Durchführung

1

Prepare six labeled watch glasses, each containing a small amount of one metal salt.

3 Min. Wear gloves for copper chloride
2

Clean the nichrome wire thoroughly by repeatedly dipping in HCl and heating until the flame shows no color.

3 Min.
3

Test lithium chloride first. Dip wire in HCl, then into the salt, and hold in the flame. Record the crimson-red color.

3 Min.
4

Clean the wire thoroughly. Test sodium chloride and record the bright yellow flame.

3 Min.
5

Clean the wire. Test potassium chloride. Observe with naked eye, then through cobalt blue glass. Record the lilac/violet color.

4 Min.
6

Clean the wire. Test calcium chloride and record the orange-red flame.

3 Min.
7

Clean the wire. Test strontium chloride and record the scarlet-red flame.

3 Min.
8

Clean the wire. Test copper(II) chloride and record the blue-green flame.

3 Min.
9

Create a complete reference chart organizing the metals by flame color from red through yellow to green and violet.

5 Min.

Erwartete Ergebnisse

A complete flame color reference chart: Li (crimson-red), Sr (scarlet-red), Ca (orange-red), Na (yellow), Ba (yellow-green if tested), Cu (blue-green), K (lilac/violet through cobalt glass). Each color should be distinguishable from the others.

Aufräumen

Clean the wire with HCl. Dispose of copper waste in the heavy metal waste container. Dispose of remaining salts per lab protocol. Clean and dry all watch glasses.

Details

Kategorie
Flame Tests
Schwierigkeit
Intermediate (High School)
Dauer
45 Min.
Geschätzte Kosten
$25,00
Schritte
9
Materialien
8

Weitere Experimente

Bariumflammtest 20 min Calciumflammtest 15 min Kaliumflammtest 20 min Kupferflammtest 15 min Lithiumflammtest 15 min Natriumflammtest 15 min Strontiumflammtest 15 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Vergleichslabor für Flammentests?
Flammentests an sechs verschiedenen Metallsalzen durchführen, um eine Referenztabelle charakteristischer Flammenfarben für die qualitative Analyse zu erstellen.
How difficult is Vergleichslabor für Flammentests?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 45 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Vergleichslabor für Flammentests?
Key safety precautions include: Wear safety goggles at all times; Wear gloves when handling copper chloride; Handle HCl with care — avoid contact with skin.
What materials are needed for Vergleichslabor für Flammentests?
The main materials required are: Lithium chloride (LiCl), Sodium chloride (NaCl), Potassium chloride (KCl), Calcium chloride (CaCl₂), Strontium chloride (SrCl₂).
What results should I expect from Vergleichslabor für Flammentests?
A complete flame color reference chart: Li (crimson-red), Sr (scarlet-red), Ca (orange-red), Na (yellow), Ba (yellow-green if tested), Cu (blue-green), K (lilac/violet through cobalt glass). Each color should be distinguishable from the others.