Wasserstoffgasgewinnung

Erzeugung und Auffangen von Wasserstoff aus Zink und Säure

Gas Laws Intermediate (High School) 35 Min. ~$10,00

Ziel

Wasserstoffgas aus der Reaktion von Zink mit Salzsäure erzeugen und durch Wasserverdrängung auffangen.

Hintergrund

When zinc metal reacts with hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas is produced: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂. The gas can be collected by water displacement in an inverted graduated cylinder, allowing volume measurement and mole calculations.

Sicherheitswarnungen

  • Hydrogen gas is extremely flammable — NO open flames nearby
  • HCl is corrosive
  • Work in a well-ventilated area
  • Do not seal the system completely — pressure buildup risk

Erforderliche PSA

goggles gloves lab_coat

Materialien

  • Zinc granules (5 g)
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)
    2M
  • Distilled water (500 mL)

Ausrüstung

Erlenmeyer flask (250 mL) Rubber stopper with delivery tube Pneumatic trough or large bowl Graduated cylinder (100 mL) Rubber tubing

Durchführung

1

Fill the pneumatic trough with water. Fill the graduated cylinder with water, invert it, and place it in the trough.

5 Min.
2

Place 5 g zinc granules in the Erlenmeyer flask.

2 Min.
3

Add 50 mL of 2M HCl to the flask. Quickly insert the rubber stopper with delivery tube.

2 Min. HCl is corrosive
4

Direct the delivery tube under the inverted graduated cylinder. Collect the hydrogen gas by water displacement.

10 Min. No flames — hydrogen is flammable
5

When the reaction slows, record the volume of gas collected. Note temperature and atmospheric pressure.

3 Min.
6

Optionally, perform the squeaky pop test: bring a lit splint near a small collection of H₂.

3 Min. Very small amount only
7

Calculate moles of H₂ using ideal gas law and compare with moles predicted from zinc mass.

5 Min.

Erwartete Ergebnisse

5 g Zn = 0.076 mol should produce 0.076 mol H₂ = ~1.9 L at STP. The collected volume should be close to this when corrected for temperature and water vapor pressure.

Aufräumen

Neutralize remaining acid with sodium bicarbonate. Dispose of zinc chloride solution down the drain. Rinse all equipment.

Details

Kategorie
Gas Laws
Schwierigkeit
Intermediate (High School)
Dauer
35 Min.
Geschätzte Kosten
$10,00
Schritte
7
Materialien
3

Weitere Experimente

Cartesischer Taucher 15 min Charles'sches Gesetz mit einem Luftballon 30 min CO₂ und Kalkwassertest 20 min Dampfdruck und Siedepunkt 45 min Diffusionsratenvergleich (Graham'sches Gesetz) 30 min Gasstoichiometrie mit Magnesium 40 min Molvolumen eines Gases bei STP 35 min Verifikation des Boyle'schen Gesetzes 40 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Wasserstoffgasgewinnung?
Wasserstoffgas aus der Reaktion von Zink mit Salzsäure erzeugen und durch Wasserverdrängung auffangen.
How difficult is Wasserstoffgasgewinnung?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 35 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Wasserstoffgasgewinnung?
Key safety precautions include: Hydrogen gas is extremely flammable — NO open flames nearby; HCl is corrosive; Work in a well-ventilated area.
What materials are needed for Wasserstoffgasgewinnung?
The main materials required are: Zinc granules, Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Wasserstoffgasgewinnung?
5 g Zn = 0.076 mol should produce 0.076 mol H₂ = ~1.9 L at STP. The collected volume should be close to this when corrected for temperature and water vapor pressure.