Sel Konsentrasi

Menghasilkan tegangan dari perbedaan konsentrasi

Electrochemistry Advanced (University) 45 menit ~$18,00

Tujuan

Bangun sel konsentrasi menggunakan setengah sel tembaga pada konsentrasi berbeda dan verifikasi prediksi persamaan Nernst untuk potensial sel.

Latar Belakang

A concentration cell generates voltage from the difference in concentration between two otherwise identical half-cells. According to the Nernst equation, the EMF depends on the logarithm of the concentration ratio. This experiment demonstrates that even without different metals, a potential difference arises from entropy-driven mixing.

Peringatan Keselamatan

  • Copper sulfate is toxic
  • Wear gloves when handling solutions

APD yang Diperlukan

goggles gloves lab_coat

Bahan

  • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) (200 mL total)
    Prepare 0.01M and 1M solutions
  • Copper strips (2) (2 pieces)
    Identical, sanded clean
  • Potassium nitrate salt bridge (1)
    Saturated KNO₃ in agar

Peralatan

Two 250 mL beakers High-impedance voltmeter Wires with alligator clips Sandpaper Volumetric flasks

Prosedur

1

Prepare two CuSO₄ solutions: 100 mL of 1.0M and 100 mL of 0.01M.

5 menit Wear gloves
2

Sand both copper strips until shiny and rinse with distilled water.

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3

Pour the dilute (0.01M) CuSO₄ into one beaker and the concentrated (1.0M) into the other.

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4

Place one copper strip in each beaker. Connect with the salt bridge.

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5

Connect the voltmeter. The dilute side is the anode (negative terminal). Measure the EMF.

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6

Calculate the predicted EMF using the Nernst equation: E = (RT/nF) ln(C_high/C_low) = (0.0257/2) ln(100) = 0.059 V at 25°C.

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7

Compare measured and theoretical values. Discuss sources of deviation.

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Hasil yang Diharapkan

The cell should produce approximately 0.05-0.06 V. The Nernst equation predicts E = (0.02569 V / 2) x ln(1.0/0.01) = 0.059 V at 25°C. Measured values may be slightly lower due to junction potentials.

Pembersihan

Dispose of copper sulfate waste in designated containers. Rinse and store copper strips. Clean salt bridge.

Detail

Kategori
Electrochemistry
Tingkat Kesulitan
Advanced (University)
Durasi
45 menit
Perkiraan Biaya
$18,00
Langkah
7
Bahan
3

Eksperimen Lainnya

Baterai Lemon 20 min Elektrolisis Air 40 min Elektrolisis Tembaga Sulfat 50 min Konstruksi Sel Daniell 45 min Metode Pencegahan Karat 30 min Pelapisan Listrik dengan Tembaga 60 min Pengukuran Potensial Sel Volta 60 min Verifikasi Deret Aktivitas 30 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Sel Konsentrasi?
Bangun sel konsentrasi menggunakan setengah sel tembaga pada konsentrasi berbeda dan verifikasi prediksi persamaan Nernst untuk potensial sel.
How difficult is Sel Konsentrasi?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 45 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Sel Konsentrasi?
Key safety precautions include: Copper sulfate is toxic; Wear gloves when handling solutions.
What materials are needed for Sel Konsentrasi?
The main materials required are: Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄), Copper strips (2), Potassium nitrate salt bridge.
What results should I expect from Sel Konsentrasi?
The cell should produce approximately 0.05-0.06 V. The Nernst equation predicts E = (0.02569 V / 2) x ln(1.0/0.01) = 0.059 V at 25°C. Measured values may be slightly lower due to junction potentials.