Esterifikasi Fischer Etil Asetat

Mensintesis ester dengan aroma buah

Organic Synthesis Advanced (University) 90 menit ~$20,00

Tujuan

Sintesis etil asetat (aroma penghapus cat kuku) melalui esterifikasi Fischer asam asetat dan etanol, dikatalisis oleh asam sulfat.

Latar Belakang

Fischer esterification is the acid-catalyzed condensation of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol to form an ester and water. The reaction is reversible, and excess alcohol is used to drive the equilibrium toward product formation. Ethyl acetate has a characteristic sweet, fruity smell and is widely used as an industrial solvent.

Peringatan Keselamatan

  • Concentrated sulfuric acid is extremely corrosive
  • Glacial acetic acid causes burns
  • Ethanol and ethyl acetate are flammable — no open flames
  • Work in a fume hood
  • Add sulfuric acid slowly to the mixture

APD yang Diperlukan

goggles gloves lab_coat

Bahan

  • Glacial acetic acid (10 mL)
    Corrosive
  • Ethanol (absolute) (15 mL)
    Excess to drive equilibrium
  • Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) (2 mL)
    Concentrated, catalyst
  • Sodium bicarbonate solution (50 mL)
    5% for washing
  • Anhydrous sodium sulfate (5 g)
    Drying agent

Peralatan

Round-bottom flask (100 mL) Reflux condenser Heating mantle Separating funnel Boiling chips Thermometer

Prosedur

1

Add 15 mL ethanol and 10 mL glacial acetic acid to the round-bottom flask with boiling chips.

3 menit Handle acetic acid in fume hood
2

Slowly add 2 mL concentrated H₂SO₄ as catalyst. Swirl gently to mix.

3 menit Add acid slowly — exothermic
3

Attach the reflux condenser and heat gently at reflux for 45 minutes.

45 menit Ensure water is flowing through condenser
4

Cool the flask. Pour the contents into a separating funnel with 30 mL water.

5 menit
5

Wash the organic layer with 25 mL of 5% NaHCO₃ to remove excess acid. Vent the funnel frequently.

5 menit CO₂ gas released — vent carefully
6

Separate the organic layer (top) and dry over anhydrous Na₂SO₄ for 10 minutes.

12 menit
7

Filter off the drying agent. Carefully smell the product by wafting — note the fruity aroma of ethyl acetate.

3 menit Never sniff directly — waft vapors toward nose
8

Calculate the yield based on the volume collected and the theoretical yield.

5 menit

Hasil yang Diharapkan

A clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell characteristic of ethyl acetate. Typical yield is 60-70% due to the equilibrium nature of the reaction.

Pembersihan

Dispose of organic waste in the designated container. Neutralize acid waste before disposal. Rinse all glassware with acetone then water.

Detail

Kategori
Organic Synthesis
Tingkat Kesulitan
Advanced (University)
Durasi
90 menit
Perkiraan Biaya
$20,00
Langkah
8
Bahan
5

Eksperimen Lainnya

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Esterifikasi Fischer Etil Asetat?
Sintesis etil asetat (aroma penghapus cat kuku) melalui esterifikasi Fischer asam asetat dan etanol, dikatalisis oleh asam sulfat.
How difficult is Esterifikasi Fischer Etil Asetat?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 90 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Esterifikasi Fischer Etil Asetat?
Key safety precautions include: Concentrated sulfuric acid is extremely corrosive; Glacial acetic acid causes burns; Ethanol and ethyl acetate are flammable — no open flames.
What materials are needed for Esterifikasi Fischer Etil Asetat?
The main materials required are: Glacial acetic acid, Ethanol (absolute), Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), Sodium bicarbonate solution, Anhydrous sodium sulfate.
What results should I expect from Esterifikasi Fischer Etil Asetat?
A clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell characteristic of ethyl acetate. Typical yield is 60-70% due to the equilibrium nature of the reaction.