Spektroskopi Emisi Nyala

Identifikasi logam kuantitatif menggunakan spektroskop dan nyala api

Qualitative Analysis Advanced (University) 60 menit ~$15,00

Tujuan

Gunakan spektroskop untuk mengamati dan mengukur panjang gelombang garis emisi ion logam berbeda dalam nyala api.

Latar Belakang

While simple flame tests show color, a spectroscope reveals the discrete emission lines responsible for those colors. Each element has a unique set of emission lines (an atomic fingerprint). This experiment bridges qualitative flame testing with the quantitative science of atomic emission spectroscopy, demonstrating Bohr's model of the atom and the origin of spectral lines.

Peringatan Keselamatan

  • Methanol is highly flammable and toxic — handle with extreme care
  • Do not look directly at the flame without the spectroscope
  • Keep all flammable materials away from the burner
  • Ensure good ventilation

APD yang Diperlukan

goggles gloves lab_coat

Bahan

  • Metal salt solutions (0.5M) (5 mL each)
    Na, Li, K, Cu, Sr, Ca, Ba chlorides
  • Hydrochloric acid (1M) (20 mL)
    Wire cleaning
  • Methanol (50 mL)
    For solution flame method
  • Distilled water (50 mL)

Peralatan

Handheld spectroscope or diffraction grating Bunsen burner Nichrome wire loops (7) Watch glasses (7) Spray bottle (for mist method)

Prosedur

1

Set up the spectroscope by viewing a fluorescent light to calibrate and identify the mercury emission lines as reference.

5 menit
2

Clean a nichrome wire with HCl. Dip in sodium chloride solution and hold in the flame. View through the spectroscope and record the bright yellow emission at 589 nm.

7 menit
3

Repeat with lithium chloride. Record the bright red emission line near 671 nm.

7 menit
4

Repeat with potassium chloride. View through cobalt glass to filter sodium contamination. Record the violet emission near 766 nm.

7 menit
5

Test copper, strontium, calcium, and barium chlorides in sequence. For each, record all visible emission lines and their approximate wavelengths.

20 menit Clean wire between samples
6

Compile an emission spectrum chart showing each element's characteristic lines. Compare with published spectral data.

14 menit

Hasil yang Diharapkan

Each metal shows distinct spectral lines: Na at 589 nm (yellow doublet), Li at 671 nm (red), K at 766 nm (violet, visible through cobalt glass), Cu at 510–515 nm (green) and 325 nm, Sr at 461 nm (blue) and 606 nm (orange-red).

Pembersihan

Clean all nichrome wires with HCl. Dispose of metal salt solutions in inorganic waste. Rinse watch glasses.

Detail

Kategori
Qualitative Analysis
Tingkat Kesulitan
Advanced (University)
Durasi
60 menit
Perkiraan Biaya
$15,00
Langkah
6
Bahan
4

Eksperimen Lainnya

Identifikasi Kation dengan Pengendapan 90 min Kromatografi Pigmen Tanaman 60 min Pelangi Indikator pH 45 min Pengujian Air Sadah dengan Larutan Sabun 40 min Tantangan Identifikasi Zat Tidak Dikenal 75 min Uji Beilstein untuk Halogen 25 min Uji Identifikasi Anion 60 min Uji Manik Boraks untuk Ion Logam 45 min Uji Pati-Iodin untuk Karbohidrat 30 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Spektroskopi Emisi Nyala?
Gunakan spektroskop untuk mengamati dan mengukur panjang gelombang garis emisi ion logam berbeda dalam nyala api.
How difficult is Spektroskopi Emisi Nyala?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 60 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Spektroskopi Emisi Nyala?
Key safety precautions include: Methanol is highly flammable and toxic — handle with extreme care; Do not look directly at the flame without the spectroscope; Keep all flammable materials away from the burner.
What materials are needed for Spektroskopi Emisi Nyala?
The main materials required are: Metal salt solutions (0.5M), Hydrochloric acid (1M), Methanol, Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Spektroskopi Emisi Nyala?
Each metal shows distinct spectral lines: Na at 589 nm (yellow doublet), Li at 671 nm (red), K at 766 nm (violet, visible through cobalt glass), Cu at 510–515 nm (green) and 325 nm, Sr at 461 nm (blue) and 606 nm (orange-red).