Stoikiometri Gas dengan Magnesium

Menghitung volume molar dengan mereaksikan Mg dengan HCl

Gas Laws Intermediate (High School) 40 menit ~$8,00

Tujuan

Tentukan volume molar gas hidrogen pada kondisi ruangan dengan mereaksikan massa pita magnesium yang diketahui dengan asam klorida berlebih.

Latar Belakang

When magnesium reacts with HCl, hydrogen gas is produced: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂. By measuring the mass of Mg used and the volume of H₂ collected, the molar volume at room conditions can be calculated and compared with the theoretical value at STP (22.4 L/mol).

Peringatan Keselamatan

  • HCl is corrosive
  • Hydrogen is flammable — no flames
  • Handle glassware carefully

APD yang Diperlukan

goggles gloves lab_coat

Bahan

  • Magnesium ribbon (0.1 g)
    Accurately weighed
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (30 mL)
    2M, excess
  • Distilled water (500 mL)

Peralatan

Eudiometer tube or graduated cylinder (50 mL) Pneumatic trough Copper wire cage Rubber stopper Analytical balance Thermometer Barometer

Prosedur

1

Weigh a 3-4 cm strip of magnesium ribbon accurately. Record mass to 0.001 g.

3 menit
2

Roll the Mg ribbon and secure it in a copper wire cage attached to a rubber stopper.

3 menit
3

Fill the eudiometer tube with 2M HCl. Insert the stopper+Mg assembly, inverting the tube into the trough.

5 menit Handle acid carefully
4

Allow the reaction to complete. All the Mg should dissolve, producing H₂ gas that collects at the top.

10 menit No flames nearby
5

Equalize water levels inside and outside the tube. Read the gas volume at the meniscus.

3 menit
6

Record room temperature and atmospheric pressure.

2 menit
7

Correct for water vapor pressure. Calculate moles of H₂ from Mg mass. Determine molar volume.

8 menit

Hasil yang Diharapkan

0.1 g Mg = 0.00411 mol, producing 0.00411 mol H₂. At room conditions (~25°C, 1 atm), volume should be about 100 mL. Calculated molar volume at STP should be approximately 22.4 L/mol (±5%).

Pembersihan

Neutralize remaining HCl with NaHCO₃. Dispose down the drain. Rinse all equipment.

Detail

Kategori
Gas Laws
Tingkat Kesulitan
Intermediate (High School)
Durasi
40 menit
Perkiraan Biaya
$8,00
Langkah
7
Bahan
3

Eksperimen Lainnya

Hukum Charles dengan Balon 30 min Pengumpulan Gas Hidrogen 35 min Penyelam Kartesian 15 min Perbandingan Laju Difusi (Hukum Graham) 30 min Tekanan Uap dan Titik Didih 45 min Uji CO₂ dan Air Kapur 20 min Verifikasi Hukum Boyle 40 min Volume Molar Gas pada STP 35 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Stoikiometri Gas dengan Magnesium?
Tentukan volume molar gas hidrogen pada kondisi ruangan dengan mereaksikan massa pita magnesium yang diketahui dengan asam klorida berlebih.
How difficult is Stoikiometri Gas dengan Magnesium?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 40 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Stoikiometri Gas dengan Magnesium?
Key safety precautions include: HCl is corrosive; Hydrogen is flammable — no flames; Handle glassware carefully.
What materials are needed for Stoikiometri Gas dengan Magnesium?
The main materials required are: Magnesium ribbon, Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Stoikiometri Gas dengan Magnesium?
0.1 g Mg = 0.00411 mol, producing 0.00411 mol H₂. At room conditions (~25°C, 1 atm), volume should be about 100 mL. Calculated molar volume at STP should be approximately 22.4 L/mol (±5%).