Herstellung von Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)

Synthese eines Analgetikums durch Amidbindungsbildung

Organic Synthesis Advanced (University) 80 Min. ~$18,00

Ziel

Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) durch Acetylierung von p-Aminophenol mit Essigsäureanhydrid synthetisieren und dabei die Bildung von Amidbindungen demonstrieren.

Hintergrund

Acetaminophen is one of the world's most widely used over-the-counter analgesics. Its synthesis involves the reaction of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride to form an amide bond. The reaction is selective for the amine group over the phenol group under mild conditions.

Sicherheitswarnungen

  • Acetic anhydride is corrosive and has a strong odor
  • p-Aminophenol can cause skin irritation
  • Do not consume the product
  • Work in a fume hood

Erforderliche PSA

goggles gloves lab_coat

Materialien

  • p-Aminophenol (1.5 g)
  • Acetic anhydride (2 mL)
    Corrosive
  • Distilled water (100 mL)
    Ice-cold for crystallization
  • Acetone (10 mL)
    For recrystallization

Ausrüstung

250 mL Erlenmeyer flask Hot water bath Buchner funnel Filter flask Melting point apparatus Ice bath

Durchführung

1

Dissolve 1.5 g p-aminophenol in 15 mL distilled water in the Erlenmeyer flask. Warm gently if needed.

5 Min. Handle p-aminophenol with gloves
2

Add 2 mL acetic anhydride to the solution. Stir vigorously for 10 minutes.

10 Min. Fume hood — pungent vapors
3

Heat the mixture in a water bath at 70°C for 10 minutes to complete the reaction.

12 Min.
4

Cool the mixture in an ice bath until crystals form.

15 Min.
5

Collect crude product by vacuum filtration. Wash with cold water.

8 Min.
6

Recrystallize from hot water or acetone/water mixture. Cool slowly for larger crystals.

15 Min.
7

Collect purified crystals. Dry and determine melting point (pure: 168-170°C).

10 Min.
8

Calculate percent yield.

5 Min.

Erwartete Ergebnisse

White crystalline solid with melting point 167-170°C. Typical yield is 70-85%. The product should be pure white; discoloration indicates impurities from p-aminophenol oxidation.

Aufräumen

Do not consume the product. Dispose of organic waste properly. Rinse all glassware.

Details

Kategorie
Organic Synthesis
Schwierigkeit
Advanced (University)
Dauer
80 Min.
Geschätzte Kosten
$18,00
Schritte
8
Materialien
4

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Herstellung von Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) durch Acetylierung von p-Aminophenol mit Essigsäureanhydrid synthetisieren und dabei die Bildung von Amidbindungen demonstrieren.
How difficult is Herstellung von Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 80 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Herstellung von Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
Key safety precautions include: Acetic anhydride is corrosive and has a strong odor; p-Aminophenol can cause skin irritation; Do not consume the product.
What materials are needed for Herstellung von Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
The main materials required are: p-Aminophenol, Acetic anhydride, Distilled water, Acetone.
What results should I expect from Herstellung von Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
White crystalline solid with melting point 167-170°C. Typical yield is 70-85%. The product should be pure white; discoloration indicates impurities from p-aminophenol oxidation.