सिल्वर-उत्प्रेरित ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा एथिलीन ऑक्साइड उत्पादन

सर्फेक्टेंट और एंटीफ्रीज के लिए एक प्रमुख मध्यवर्ती

Petrochemical & Refining Global Industrial Scale $45 billion

अवलोकन

Ethylene oxide (EO) is produced by the direct catalytic oxidation of ethylene over silver catalysts, making it one of the largest-scale selective oxidation processes in the chemical industry. EO is a critical intermediate for ethylene glycol (antifreeze and PET polyester), ethoxylated surfactants, and ethanolamines. The process requires extremely precise reaction control, as the desired partial oxidation competes with complete combustion to CO₂ and water.

रासायनिक प्रक्रिया

Ethylene and oxygen (or air) are passed over promoted silver catalyst (Ag/α-Al₂O₃ with Cs and Re promoters) at 220-280 degrees C and 10-30 bar in multitubular fixed-bed reactors. The EO is absorbed in water from the reactor effluent and recovered by steam stripping. Selectivity is 80-90% with oxygen-based processes.

C₂H₄ + ½O₂ →[Ag catalyst] C₂H₄O (desired, ΔH = −105 kJ/mol)
C₂H₄ + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 2H₂O (undesired total combustion)

कच्चा माल

  • Ethylene (C₂H₄) — Steam cracking (Reactant)
  • Oxygen (O₂) — Air separation unit (cryogenic) (Oxidant)
  • Silver catalyst (Ag/α-Al₂O₃) — Specialty catalyst manufacturers (Selective oxidation catalyst)

अंतिम उत्पाद

  • Ethylene oxide (C₂H₄O) — Ethylene glycol, surfactants, ethanolamines (>99.5% purity)
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Environmental Impact

EO is a known human carcinogen and potent greenhouse gas. Fugitive emissions from EO plants are tightly regulated. The combustion side reaction wastes feedstock and generates CO₂. Scrubber systems capture EO from vent streams.

सुरक्षा संबंधी विचार

हालिया नवाचार

High-selectivity catalysts with rhenium and cesium promoters have pushed selectivity above 90%.
Microchannel reactor designs offer improved heat removal and safety.
Electrocatalytic ethylene epoxidation is being explored as a low-temperature alternative.

उत्पादन पैमाना

35000000

टन/वर्ष

$45 billion

बाज़ार मूल्य

%(name)s में और Petrochemical & Refining

उच्च-ऑक्टेन गैसोलीन के लिए उत्प्रेरक सुधार

Global Industrial Scale

एथिलीन उत्पादन के लिए भाप विघटन

Global Industrial Scale

कच्चे तेल का आंशिक आसवन

Global Industrial Scale

ज़ीगलर-नट्टा उत्प्रेरण द्वारा पॉलीप्रोपाइलीन उत्पादन

Global Industrial Scale

पॉलीएथिलीन बहुलकीकरण

Global Industrial Scale

पॉलीकंडेनसेशन द्वारा PET पॉलीएस्टर उत्पादन

Global Industrial Scale

सिंथेटिक ईंधन के लिए फिशर-ट्रॉप्श संश्लेषण

Commercial Production

Frequently Asked Questions

What industry uses सिल्वर-उत्प्रेरित ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा एथिलीन ऑक्साइड उत्पादन?
सिल्वर-उत्प्रेरित ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा एथिलीन ऑक्साइड उत्पादन is used in the petrochemical & refining sector at global industrial scale scale.
What process is involved in सिल्वर-उत्प्रेरित ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा एथिलीन ऑक्साइड उत्पादन?
Ethylene and oxygen (or air) are passed over promoted silver catalyst (Ag/α-Al₂O₃ with Cs and Re promoters) at 220-280 degrees C and 10-30 bar in multitubular fixed-bed reactors. The EO is absorbed in water from the reactor effluent and recovered by steam stripping. Selectivity is 80-90% with oxygen
What is the economic significance of सिल्वर-उत्प्रेरित ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा एथिलीन ऑक्साइड उत्पादन?
सिल्वर-उत्प्रेरित ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा एथिलीन ऑक्साइड उत्पादन has a market value of $45 billion and annual production of 35,000,000 tons.
What is the environmental impact of सिल्वर-उत्प्रेरित ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा एथिलीन ऑक्साइड उत्पादन?
EO is a known human carcinogen and potent greenhouse gas. Fugitive emissions from EO plants are tightly regulated. The combustion side reaction wastes feedstock and generates CO₂. Scrubber systems capture EO from vent streams.
What raw materials are used in सिल्वर-उत्प्रेरित ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा एथिलीन ऑक्साइड उत्पादन?
The main raw materials include: Ethylene (C₂H₄), Oxygen (O₂), Silver catalyst (Ag/α-Al₂O₃).