पानी में लोहे का निर्धारण

थायोसाइनेट कलरिमेट्री का उपयोग करके घुले हुए लोहे की सांद्रता मापना

Colorimetry Intermediate (High School) 75 मिनट ~$10.00

उद्देश्य

थायोसाइनेट कलरिमेट्रिक विधि का उपयोग करके जल के नमूने में आयरन(III) की सांद्रता निर्धारित करें।

पृष्ठभूमि

Iron(III) ions react with thiocyanate ions (SCN⁻) to form the intensely red-colored complex [Fe(SCN)]²⁺. The intensity of the red color is proportional to the Fe³⁺ concentration, following the Beer-Lambert law. This method is widely used in water quality testing and environmental monitoring. Students learn both the analytical technique and the chemistry of complex ion formation.

सुरक्षा चेतावनियाँ

  • FeCl₃ solution stains skin and clothing
  • KSCN is harmful if swallowed
  • HNO₃ is corrosive — handle with care
  • Dispose of thiocyanate waste in designated containers

आवश्यक PPE

goggles gloves lab_coat

सामग्री

  • Iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃) standard (100 mL)
    0.01 M stock solution
  • Potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) (100 mL)
    0.1 M solution
  • Dilute HNO₃ (0.1 M) (50 mL)
    To maintain acidity
  • Water sample (50 mL)
    Unknown iron content
  • Distilled water (500 mL)
    For dilutions

उपकरण

Colorimeter or spectrophotometer Cuvettes (matched pair) Volumetric flasks (50 mL, 7 total) Pipettes (1 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL) Pipette filler

प्रक्रिया

1

Prepare a series of standard Fe³⁺ solutions (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ppm) by diluting the stock FeCl₃ solution in 50 mL volumetric flasks.

15 मिनट
2

Add 5 mL of 0.1 M KSCN and 2 mL of dilute HNO₃ to each standard flask and the water sample. Make up to volume with distilled water.

10 मिनट
3

Allow 5 minutes for full color development. The solutions should range from pale to deep red.

5 मिनट
4

Set the colorimeter to 480 nm. Zero with the blank solution (0 ppm Fe³⁺ + KSCN).

5 मिनट
5

Measure the absorbance of each standard solution and the water sample.

15 मिनट
6

Plot the calibration curve (absorbance vs. concentration). Use it to determine the iron concentration in the water sample.

15 मिनट
7

Calculate the iron concentration and evaluate whether the water meets drinking water standards (<0.3 ppm).

10 मिनट

अपेक्षित परिणाम

The calibration curve should be linear from 0 to 10 ppm. The deep red color of [Fe(SCN)]²⁺ intensifies with increasing Fe³⁺ concentration. The water sample's iron content is determined from the calibration curve.

सफाई

Collect all thiocyanate-containing solutions in labeled waste. Rinse all glassware thoroughly. Wipe down the colorimeter.

विवरण

श्रेणी
Colorimetry
कठिनाई
Intermediate (High School)
अवधि
75 मिनट
अनुमानित लागत
$10.00
चरण
7
सामग्री
5

अधिक प्रयोग

एस्पिरिन का स्पेक्ट्रोफोटोमेट्रिक निर्धारण 75 min कलरिमेट्रिक प्रोटीन परख (ब्रैडफोर्ड विधि) 60 min ग्लूकोज का कलरिमेट्रिक निर्धारण 60 min फॉस्फेट का कलरिमेट्रिक निर्धारण 90 min बीयर-लैम्बर्ट नियम का सत्यापन 60 min मिश्रण का स्पेक्ट्रोफोटोमेट्रिक विश्लेषण 75 min स्पेक्ट्रोफोटोमेट्री द्वारा खाद्य रंग विश्लेषण 60 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of पानी में लोहे का निर्धारण?
थायोसाइनेट कलरिमेट्रिक विधि का उपयोग करके जल के नमूने में आयरन(III) की सांद्रता निर्धारित करें।
How difficult is पानी में लोहे का निर्धारण?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 75 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for पानी में लोहे का निर्धारण?
Key safety precautions include: FeCl₃ solution stains skin and clothing; KSCN is harmful if swallowed; HNO₃ is corrosive — handle with care.
What materials are needed for पानी में लोहे का निर्धारण?
The main materials required are: Iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃) standard, Potassium thiocyanate (KSCN), Dilute HNO₃ (0.1 M), Water sample, Distilled water.
What results should I expect from पानी में लोहे का निर्धारण?
The calibration curve should be linear from 0 to 10 ppm. The deep red color of [Fe(SCN)]²⁺ intensifies with increasing Fe³⁺ concentration. The water sample's iron content is determined from the calibration curve.