अवक्षेपण अनुमापन (मोहर विधि)

सिल्वर नाइट्रेट का उपयोग करके क्लोराइड की सांद्रता निर्धारित करना

Titrations Advanced (University) 45 मिनट ~$20.00

उद्देश्य

मोहर विधि का उपयोग करके विलयन में क्लोराइड आयन की सांद्रता निर्धारित करें, जहां सिल्वर नाइट्रेट अनुमापक है और पोटेशियम क्रोमेट संकेतक है।

पृष्ठभूमि

In the Mohr method, silver nitrate reacts with chloride ions to form white silver chloride precipitate. When all chloride is consumed, the first excess silver reacts with the chromate indicator to form brick-red silver chromate, signaling the endpoint. This method works at near-neutral pH.

सुरक्षा चेतावनियाँ

  • Silver nitrate stains skin and clothing permanently
  • Potassium chromate is toxic and a suspected carcinogen — handle with extreme care
  • Wear nitrile gloves and safety goggles
  • Dispose of silver and chromate waste in designated containers

आवश्यक PPE

goggles gloves lab_coat

सामग्री

  • Sodium chloride solution (100 mL)
    Unknown concentration
  • Silver nitrate (AgNO₃) (100 mL)
    0.1M standardized
  • Potassium chromate (K₂CrO₄) (10 mL)
    5% indicator solution
  • Distilled water (200 mL)

उपकरण

50 mL burette Burette stand and clamp 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask 25 mL pipette White tile

प्रक्रिया

1

Pipette 25.0 mL of the chloride solution into the Erlenmeyer flask.

2 मिनट
2

Add 1 mL of 5% potassium chromate indicator. The solution turns pale yellow.

1 मिनट Chromate is toxic — use minimal amount
3

Fill the burette with 0.1M AgNO₃. Record the initial volume.

3 मिनट AgNO₃ stains permanently
4

Titrate while swirling vigorously. A white precipitate of AgCl forms.

10 मिनट
5

Near the endpoint, the precipitate becomes more curd-like. Add AgNO₃ drop by drop until a permanent brick-red color of Ag₂CrO₄ appears.

5 मिनट
6

Record the volume. Repeat for concordant results.

15 मिनट
7

Calculate chloride concentration: C(Cl⁻) = C(Ag+) x V(AgNO₃) / V(sample).

5 मिनट

अपेक्षित परिणाम

The endpoint is marked by the first permanent appearance of a brick-red color due to Ag₂CrO₄ formation. This color should persist for at least 30 seconds after swirling.

सफाई

Collect all silver-containing waste in the designated heavy metal waste container. Collect chromate waste separately. Never dispose down the drain. Wash hands thoroughly.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of अवक्षेपण अनुमापन (मोहर विधि)?
मोहर विधि का उपयोग करके विलयन में क्लोराइड आयन की सांद्रता निर्धारित करें, जहां सिल्वर नाइट्रेट अनुमापक है और पोटेशियम क्रोमेट संकेतक है।
How difficult is अवक्षेपण अनुमापन (मोहर विधि)?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 45 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for अवक्षेपण अनुमापन (मोहर विधि)?
Key safety precautions include: Silver nitrate stains skin and clothing permanently; Potassium chromate is toxic and a suspected carcinogen — handle with extreme care; Wear nitrile gloves and safety goggles.
What materials are needed for अवक्षेपण अनुमापन (मोहर विधि)?
The main materials required are: Sodium chloride solution, Silver nitrate (AgNO₃), Potassium chromate (K₂CrO₄), Distilled water.
What results should I expect from अवक्षेपण अनुमापन (मोहर विधि)?
The endpoint is marked by the first permanent appearance of a brick-red color due to Ag₂CrO₄ formation. This color should persist for at least 30 seconds after swirling.