Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene

C6H6 + CH3Cl → C6H5CH3 + HCl

अवलोकन

Benzene reacts with chloromethane in the presence of aluminum chloride catalyst to form toluene and HCl. AlCl₃ generates the electrophilic CH₃⁺ (or a complex equivalent) that attacks the electron-rich benzene ring. This electrophilic aromatic substitution is fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry.

प्रतिभागी

भूमिका पदार्थ गुणांक अवस्था
अभिकारक Benzene C₆H₆ 1 (l)
उत्पाद Hydrochloric Acid HCl 1 (g)

रोजमर्रा का उदाहरण

Toluene is a common solvent found in paint thinners, adhesives, and is the precursor to TNT (trinitrotoluene).

औद्योगिक महत्व

Friedel-Crafts reactions are used to produce ethylbenzene (for styrene/polystyrene), cumene (for phenol/acetone), and detergent alkylates.

गुण

प्रकार
Organic
प्रतिवर्ती
नहीं
ऊर्जा
ऊष्माक्षेपी
ΔH
-78.0 kJ/mol
उत्प्रेरक
AlCl₃

संबंधित अभिक्रियाएँ

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?
The balanced equation is: C₆H₆ + CH₃Cl → C₆H₅CH₃ + HCl.
What type of reaction is Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene is a organic reaction.
Is Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene exothermic or endothermic?
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -78.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?
This reaction requires a catalyst (AlCl₃).