Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)

CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl

अवलोकन

Methane undergoes free radical substitution with chlorine in the presence of UV light or heat. The mechanism involves initiation (Cl₂ → 2Cl·), propagation (Cl· + CH₄ → CH₃· + HCl, CH₃· + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + Cl·), and termination. Further substitution can produce CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, and CCl₄.

प्रतिभागी

भूमिका पदार्थ गुणांक अवस्था
अभिकारक Methane CH₄ 1 (g)
अभिकारक Chlorine Cl 1 (g)
उत्पाद Hydrochloric Acid HCl 1 (g)

रोजमर्रा का उदाहरण

Chloroform (CHCl₃), historically used as an anesthetic, is produced by multiple chlorination of methane.

औद्योगिक महत्व

Chloromethane (CH₃Cl) is used as a methylating agent and refrigerant. Dichloromethane is a widely used solvent. Chloroform is an important chemical intermediate.

गुण

प्रकार
Organic
प्रतिवर्ती
नहीं
ऊर्जा
ऊष्माक्षेपी
ΔH
-98.0 kJ/mol
उत्प्रेरक
UV light or heat

संबंधित अभिक्रियाएँ

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
The balanced equation is: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl.
What type of reaction is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is a organic reaction.
Is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) exothermic or endothermic?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -98.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (UV light or heat).