Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)
CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl
अवलोकन
Methane undergoes free radical substitution with chlorine in the presence of UV light or heat. The mechanism involves initiation (Cl₂ → 2Cl·), propagation (Cl· + CH₄ → CH₃· + HCl, CH₃· + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + Cl·), and termination. Further substitution can produce CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, and CCl₄.
प्रतिभागी
| भूमिका | पदार्थ | गुणांक | अवस्था |
|---|---|---|---|
| अभिकारक | Methane CH₄ | 1 | (g) |
| अभिकारक | Chlorine Cl | 1 | (g) |
| उत्पाद | Hydrochloric Acid HCl | 1 | (g) |
रोजमर्रा का उदाहरण
Chloroform (CHCl₃), historically used as an anesthetic, is produced by multiple chlorination of methane.
औद्योगिक महत्व
Chloromethane (CH₃Cl) is used as a methylating agent and refrigerant. Dichloromethane is a widely used solvent. Chloroform is an important chemical intermediate.
गुण
- प्रकार
- Organic
- प्रतिवर्ती
- नहीं
- ऊर्जा
- ऊष्माक्षेपी
- ΔH
- -98.0 kJ/mol
- उत्प्रेरक
- UV light or heat
संबंधित अभिक्रियाएँ
Swern Oxidation
Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone
Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate)
Kolbe Electrolysis
Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation
Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime)
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene
Condensation Polymerization (Nylon 6,6)
Cope Rearrangement
Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
The balanced equation is: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl.
What type of reaction is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is a organic reaction.
Is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) exothermic or endothermic?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -98.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (UV light or heat).