Hydration of Ethylene

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

अवलोकन

Ethylene undergoes acid-catalyzed hydration to form ethanol. This is the primary industrial method for producing synthetic ethanol, using phosphoric acid on a silica support at 300 C and 70 atm. The reaction is exothermic but requires high temperature for kinetic reasons.

प्रतिभागी

भूमिका पदार्थ गुणांक अवस्था
अभिकारक Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
अभिकारक Water H₂O 1 (g)
उत्पाद Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)

रोजमर्रा का उदाहरण

Industrial ethanol for solvents, fuels, and chemical feedstock is primarily produced by this catalytic hydration of ethylene from petroleum.

औद्योगिक महत्व

Over 5 million tonnes of synthetic ethanol are produced annually by ethylene hydration, mainly for industrial solvent and chemical intermediate use.

गुण

प्रकार
Organic
प्रतिवर्ती
हाँ
ऊर्जा
ऊष्माक्षेपी
ΔH
-44.0 kJ/mol
उत्प्रेरक
Phosphoric acid on silica

संबंधित अभिक्रियाएँ

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Hydration of Ethylene?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH.
What type of reaction is Hydration of Ethylene?
Hydration of Ethylene is a organic reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Hydration of Ethylene exothermic or endothermic?
Hydration of Ethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -44.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Hydration of Ethylene?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Phosphoric acid on silica).