Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror)

RCHO + 2Ag(NH3)2+ + 2OH− → RCOO− + 2Ag + 4NH3 + H2O

अवलोकन

Tollens' reagent (silver-ammonia complex) is reduced to metallic silver by aldehydes, producing a silver mirror on the test tube walls. The aldehyde is oxidized to a carboxylate. This test distinguishes aldehydes from ketones, as ketones cannot be easily oxidized. It was historically used for mirror manufacturing.

प्रतिभागी

भूमिका पदार्थ गुणांक अवस्था
उत्पाद Water H₂O 1 (l)
उत्पाद Silver Ag 2 (s)
उत्पाद Ammonia NH₃ 4 (aq)

रोजमर्रा का उदाहरण

The silver mirror test creates a beautiful reflective coating on glass, and this chemistry was actually used to make mirrors commercially.

औद्योगिक महत्व

Tollens' test is used in organic chemistry for aldehyde identification. Silver mirror manufacturing by chemical reduction is still used for high-quality mirrors.

गुण

प्रकार
Redox
प्रतिवर्ती
नहीं
ऊर्जा
ऊष्माक्षेपी
ΔH
-135.0 kJ/mol

संबंधित अभिक्रियाएँ

Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite Copper Reduction of Silver Ion Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II) Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic) Hydrogen Peroxide Disproportionation Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror)?
The balanced equation is: RCHO + 2Ag(NH₃)₂⁺ + 2OH⁻ → RCOO⁻ + 2Ag + 4NH₃ + H₂O.
What type of reaction is Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror)?
Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror) is a redox reaction.
Is Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror) exothermic or endothermic?
Tollen's Test (Silver Mirror) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -135.0 kJ/mol.