Lithium Hydroxide

LiOH

IUPAC: Lithium hydroxide

CAS: 1310-65-2

Overview

Lithium hydroxide is a strong base used in spacecraft and submarines to scrub CO₂ from air. It absorbs CO₂ more efficiently per gram than other hydroxides.

Composition

Element Symbol Atoms Atomic Mass
Hydrogen H 1 1.0080
Lithium Li 1 6.9410
Oxygen O 1 15.9990

Elemental Composition

H
Hydrogen ×1
4.2%
Li
Lithium ×1
29.0%
O
Oxygen ×1
66.8%

Uses

  • • CO₂ scrubbing in spacecraft
  • • Lithium grease
  • • Battery electrolyte
  • • Ceramics

Fun Facts

  • ✦ LiOH was used aboard Apollo 13 to scrub CO₂ — the famous 'square peg in a round hole' problem

Safety

  • ⚠ Corrosive
  • ⚠ Irritant

Structure

SMILES

[Li+].[OH-]

Properties

Type
base
State
solid
Molar Mass
23.95 g/mol
Density
1.4600 g/cm³
Melting Point
462.0 °C
Boiling Point
924.0 °C
Solubility
128 g/L at 25°C

Molecular Descriptors

Exact Mass
24.0187
TPSA
1.0 Ų
H-Bond Donors
1
H-Bond Acceptors
1
Rotatable Bonds
0
Heavy Atoms
2
Complexity
2.0

Related Compounds

Aluminum Hydroxide

Al(OH)₃

Ammonia

NH₃

Barium Hydroxide

Ba(OH)₂

Calcium Hydroxide

Ca(OH)₂

Magnesium Hydroxide

Mg(OH)₂

Potassium Hydroxide

KOH

Sodium Hydroxide

NaOH

Sodium Hydroxide Solution

NaOH(aq)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Lithium Hydroxide?
Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH) is a base compound with the IUPAC name Lithium hydroxide.
What is the molecular weight of Lithium Hydroxide?
Lithium Hydroxide has a molar mass of 23.95 g/mol.
What state is Lithium Hydroxide at room temperature?
Lithium Hydroxide is a solid at room temperature.
Is Lithium Hydroxide organic or inorganic?
Lithium Hydroxide is classified as an inorganic compound.
What elements make up Lithium Hydroxide?
Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH) is composed of Hydrogen (H), Lithium (Li), Oxygen (O).