13 Al Aluminum 26.982 u

Aluminum

Add one script tag to your page:

<div data-chemfyi="element" data-slug="Al"></div>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chemfyi-embed@1/dist/embed.min.js" defer></script>

Embed as an iframe:

<iframe src="https://chemfyi.com/iframe/element/Al/?style=modern&theme=light" width="420" height="400" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" style="border:0;border-radius:10px;max-width:100%"></iframe>

Paste the URL in WordPress, Medium, or Ghost:

https://chemfyi.com/element/al/

Shields.io-compatible SVG badge:

Aluminum badge ![Aluminum](https://chemfyi.com/badge/element/Al.svg)

Web Component:

<chemfyi-element slug="Al"></chemfyi-element>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chemfyi-embed@1/dist/embed.min.js" defer></script>
Period
3
Group
13
Block
p-block
Phase (STP)
Solid

Aluminum is the most abundant metal in Earth's crust. It is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and widely used in packaging and transportation.

Appearance: Silvery-gray metallic

About Aluminum

The most abundant metal in Earth's crust, aluminum is a silvery post-transition metal of atomic number 13 and atomic mass 26.982. It is light at 2.70 g/cm³ and resistant to corrosion, melting at 933 K. Three valence electrons ([Ne] 3s2 3p1) give an electronegativity of 1.61 and a comparatively low first ionization energy of 578 kJ/mol. Hans Christian Ørsted first produced the metal in 1825. Its combination of low weight and corrosion resistance underlies its wide use in packaging and transportation. Aluminum does not occur free in nature, and it sits in group 13, period 3, below boron.

Physical Properties

Atomic Mass 26.982 u
Density 2.7 g/cm³
Melting Point 660.3 °C
Boiling Point 2469.8 °C
Phase at STP Solid
Atomic Radius 118.0 pm

Electronic Properties

Electronegativity 1.61
Ionization Energy 577.5 eV
Electron Affinity 42.5 eV
Valence Electrons 3

Electron Configuration

Configuration [Ne] 3s² 3p¹

Electron Shell Configuration

Aluminum electron shell configuration Al 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 3e⁻
Electron shell structure of Aluminum — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 3

Position in Periodic Table

Aluminum position in the periodic table Al

Discovery

Discovered by: Hans Christian Oersted
Year: 1825

Block & Period

Block

s p d f

Period

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Periodic Table

Lanthanides Actinides

Reactions Involving Al

Aluminum Reacting with Iron(III) Oxide (Thermite)

2Al + Fe₂O₃ → Al₂O₃ + 2Fe

Single-Replacement

Hall-Héroult Process (Aluminum Smelting)

2Al₂O₃ + 3C → 4Al + 3CO₂

Electrochemical

Aluminum Chloride and Chloride Ion (Lewis Acid-Base)

AlCl₃ + Cl⁻ → AlCl₄⁻

Acid-Base

Aluminum Hydroxide and Hydrochloric Acid

Al(OH)₃ + 3HCl → AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

Double-Replacement

Aluminum Hydroxide as Amphoteric Acid with NaOH

Al(OH)₃ + NaOH → NaAlO₂ + 2H₂O

Acid-Base
View all 12 reactions →

Compounds Containing Aluminum

Aluminum Chloride

AlCl₃

Aluminum Hydroxide

Al(OH)₃

Aluminum Nitride

AlN

Aluminum Oxide

Al₂O₃

Calcium Aluminate Cement

CaO·Al₂O₃

Kaolinite

Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄

Lithium Aluminum Hydride

LiAlH₄

Potassium Aluminum Sulfate

KAl(SO₄)₂

Potassium Feldspar

KAlSi₃O₈

Sodium Aluminate

NaAlO₂

Zeolite A

Na₁₂Al₁₂Si₁₂O₄₈

More Post-Transition Metal

31 Ga Gallium 49 In Indium 50 Sn Tin 81 Tl Thallium 82 Pb Lead 83 Bi Bismuth 84 Po Polonium

Explore on Science FYI

AlloyFYI
Aluminum 6061

Versatile structural aluminum alloy
AlloyFYI
Aluminum 7075

High-strength aerospace aluminum alloy

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Aluminum?
Aluminum (Al) is a chemical element with atomic number 13. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a post-transition metal.
What are the key properties of Aluminum?
Aluminum has an atomic mass of 26.982 u, density of 2.7 g/cm³, melting point of 660.3°C, boiling point of 2469.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Aluminum?
The electron configuration of Aluminum is [Ne] 3s2 3p1. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Aluminum?
Aluminum was discovered by Hans Christian Oersted in 1825.
What is the electronegativity of Aluminum?
Aluminum has an electronegativity of 1.61 on the Pauling scale.