Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)
2NaCl → 2Na + Cl2
Aperçu
The Downs process electrolyzes molten NaCl at about 600°C (lowered from 801°C by adding CaCl₂) to produce sodium metal at the cathode and chlorine gas at the anode. A cylindrical iron cathode surrounds a graphite anode, with an iron screen separating products. This is the primary industrial method for producing metallic sodium.
Participants
| Rôle | Substance | Coefficient | État |
|---|---|---|---|
| Réactif | Sodium Chloride NaCl | 2 | (l) |
| Produit | Sodium Na | 2 | (l) |
Exemple du quotidien
Sodium metal produced by this process is used to make sodium vapor street lights that give a characteristic yellow glow.
Importance industrielle
The Downs process produces metallic sodium used in the manufacture of sodium peroxide, sodium hydride, and as a coolant in fast breeder nuclear reactors.
Propriétés
- Type
- Electrochemical
- Réversible
- Non
- Énergie
- Endothermique
- ΔH
- 822,0 kJ/mol
- Catalyseur
- CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)
Réactions associées
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
The balanced equation is: 2NaCl → 2Na + Cl₂.
What type of reaction is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is a electrochemical reaction.
Is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) exothermic or endothermic?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 822.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)).