21 Sc Scandium 44,956 u

Scandium

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Période
4
Groupe
3
Bloc
d-bloc
Phase (STP)
Solid

Scandium is a soft, silvery transition metal used in aerospace alloys. It is relatively rare and was predicted by Mendeleev before its discovery.

Apparence: Silvery white

About Scandium

Predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev before it was found, scandium was isolated by Lars Fredrik Nilson in 1879, confirming a gap in the periodic table. It is a soft, silvery-white transition metal of atomic number 21 and atomic mass 44.956 that melts at 1814 K. Its configuration [Ar] 3d1 4s2 places the first d-electron of the transition series, with an electronegativity of 1.36 and a first ionization energy of 633 kJ/mol. Relatively rare and hard to isolate, scandium is used chiefly in high-performance aerospace alloys, where small additions improve strength. It stands at the head of group 3, period 4.

Propriétés physiques

Masse atomique 44.956 u
Densité 2.985 g/cm³
Point de fusion 1540.8 °C
Point d'ébullition 2835.8 °C
Phase à STP Solid
Rayon atomique 184.0 pm

Propriétés électroniques

Électronégativité 1.36
Énergie d'ionisation 633.1 eV
Affinité électronique 18.1 eV
Électrons de valence 3

Configuration électronique

Configuration [Ar] 3d¹ 4s²

Electron Shell Configuration

Scandium electron shell configuration Sc 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 9e⁻ 2e⁻
Electron shell structure of Scandium — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 9
4 (N) 2

Position in Periodic Table

Scandium position in the periodic table Sc

Découverte

Découvert par: Lars Fredrik Nilson
Année: 1879

Bloc et période

Bloc

s p d f

Période

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Tableau périodique

Lanthanides Actinides

Plus de Métal de Transition

22 Ti Titanium 23 V Vanadium 24 Cr Chromium 25 Mn Manganese 26 Fe Iron 27 Co Cobalt 28 Ni Nickel 29 Cu Copper 30 Zn Zinc 39 Y Yttrium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Scandium?
Scandium (Sc) is a chemical element with atomic number 21. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a métal de transition.
What are the key properties of Scandium?
Scandium has an atomic mass of 44.956 u, density of 2.985 g/cm³, melting point of 1540.8°C, boiling point of 2835.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Scandium?
The electron configuration of Scandium is [Ar] 3d1 4s2. It is in the d-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Scandium?
Scandium was discovered by Lars Fredrik Nilson in 1879.
What is the electronegativity of Scandium?
Scandium has an electronegativity of 1.36 on the Pauling scale.