Permanganate Reduction in Basic Solution

2MnO4− + H2O + 3e− → 2MnO2 + 4OH−

Aperçu

In basic or neutral solution, permanganate is reduced to manganese dioxide (MnO₂) rather than Mn²⁺. The purple solution produces a brown precipitate of MnO₂. This half-reaction is important in organic chemistry where KMnO₄ selectively oxidizes alkenes to diols under mild basic conditions (Baeyer test).

Participants

Rôle Substance Coefficient État
Réactif Water H₂O 1 (l)

Exemple du quotidien

The Baeyer test uses cold dilute KMnO₄ to detect C=C double bonds in organic molecules, turning purple to brown with a precipitate.

Importance industrielle

Basic permanganate oxidation is used in organic synthesis for controlled oxidation of alkenes and in water treatment for taste and odor removal.

Propriétés

Type
Redox
Réversible
Non
Énergie
Exothermique

Réactions associées

Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite Copper Reduction of Silver Ion Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II) Chlorine Oxidation of Bromide Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic) Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Permanganate Reduction in Basic Solution?
The balanced equation is: 2MnO₄⁻ + H₂O + 3e⁻ → 2MnO₂ + 4OH⁻.
What type of reaction is Permanganate Reduction in Basic Solution?
Permanganate Reduction in Basic Solution is a redox reaction.
Is Permanganate Reduction in Basic Solution exothermic or endothermic?
Permanganate Reduction in Basic Solution is exothermic (releases energy).