कोल्ड पैक रसायन

अमोनियम नाइट्रेट के ऊष्माशोषी विघटन का अध्ययन

Thermochemistry Beginner (Middle School) 20 मिनट ~$6.00

उद्देश्य

अमोनियम नाइट्रेट के पानी में घुलने पर तापमान परिवर्तन मापें, तात्कालिक कोल्ड पैक में उपयोग की जाने वाली ऊष्माशोषी विघटन प्रक्रिया प्रदर्शित करें।

पृष्ठभूमि

Ammonium nitrate dissolves endothermically in water, absorbing heat from the surroundings and causing a significant temperature drop. This principle is used in commercial instant cold packs for first aid. The dissolution has ΔH = +25.7 kJ/mol.

सुरक्षा चेतावनियाँ

  • Ammonium nitrate is an oxidizer — keep away from organic materials and heat
  • Do not mix with anything other than water for this experiment
  • Wear goggles

आवश्यक PPE

goggles

सामग्री

  • Ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) (30 g)
    Or from a commercial cold pack
  • Distilled water (100 mL)
    Room temperature

उपकरण

Polystyrene cup calorimeter Thermometer Stirring rod Analytical balance

प्रक्रिया

1

Add 100 mL of distilled water to the polystyrene cup calorimeter. Record the initial temperature.

3 मिनट
2

Weigh 30 g of ammonium nitrate.

2 मिनट Ammonium nitrate is an oxidizer
3

Add the ammonium nitrate to the water. Stir gently to dissolve.

3 मिनट
4

Record the temperature every 30 seconds as it drops. Note the minimum temperature.

5 मिनट
5

Feel the outside of the cup — it should feel cold.

1 मिनट
6

Calculate ΔH of dissolution per mole: q = mcΔT, n = mass/M(NH₄NO₃), ΔH = q/n.

5 मिनट

अपेक्षित परिणाम

Temperature should drop 15-20°C. 30 g NH₄NO₃ = 0.375 mol. q = 100 × 4.18 × ΔT. Calculated ΔH should be approximately +25 kJ/mol (±15%).

सफाई

The ammonium nitrate solution is safe to dispose down the drain (dilute). Rinse the calorimeter.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of कोल्ड पैक रसायन?
अमोनियम नाइट्रेट के पानी में घुलने पर तापमान परिवर्तन मापें, तात्कालिक कोल्ड पैक में उपयोग की जाने वाली ऊष्माशोषी विघटन प्रक्रिया प्रदर्शित करें।
How difficult is कोल्ड पैक रसायन?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 20 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for कोल्ड पैक रसायन?
Key safety precautions include: Ammonium nitrate is an oxidizer — keep away from organic materials and heat; Do not mix with anything other than water for this experiment; Wear goggles.
What materials are needed for कोल्ड पैक रसायन?
The main materials required are: Ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃), Distilled water.
What results should I expect from कोल्ड पैक रसायन?
Temperature should drop 15-20°C. 30 g NH₄NO₃ = 0.375 mol. q = 100 × 4.18 × ΔT. Calculated ΔH should be approximately +25 kJ/mol (±15%).