धातुओं की विशिष्ट ऊष्मा क्षमता
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एल्युमीनियम, तांबे और लोहे की ऊष्मा क्षमताओं की तुलना
उद्देश्य
मिश्रण विधि का उपयोग करके कई धातुओं की विशिष्ट ऊष्मा क्षमता निर्धारित करें और स्वीकृत मूल्यों से तुलना करें।
पृष्ठभूमि
The specific heat capacity of a metal can be determined by heating a known mass of metal to a known temperature, then transferring it to water in a calorimeter and measuring the temperature change. Energy conservation (q_metal = -q_water) allows calculation of the metal's specific heat.
सुरक्षा चेतावनियाँ
- Hot metals and boiling water — burn risk
- Use tongs to transfer hot metals
- Do not touch hot metals with bare hands
आवश्यक PPE
सामग्री
-
Metal samples (Al, Cu, Fe) (50 g each)Cylindrical pieces work best
-
Distilled water (300 mL)
-
Boiling water (500 mL)For heating metals
उपकरण
प्रक्रिया
Weigh each metal sample accurately. Record masses.
Place all metals in boiling water for 10 minutes to reach 100°C.
Add 100 mL room-temperature water to the calorimeter. Record initial temperature.
Using tongs, quickly transfer the aluminum sample to the calorimeter. Stir and record max temperature.
Calculate c(Al) = m(water)×c(water)×ΔT(water) / [m(Al)×ΔT(Al)].
Repeat steps 3-5 for copper and iron.
Compare measured values with accepted: Al=0.897, Cu=0.385, Fe=0.449 J/g°C.
अपेक्षित परिणाम
Aluminum should give the largest temperature rise in the water (highest specific heat), followed by iron, then copper. Measured values should be within 10-20% of accepted values.
सफाई
Allow metals to cool completely. Dry and store. Pour water down the drain. Clean calorimeter.
विवरण
- श्रेणी
- Thermochemistry
- कठिनाई
- Intermediate (High School)
- अवधि
- 40 मिनट
- अनुमानित लागत
- $10.00
- चरण
- 7
- सामग्री
- 3