Coleta de Gás Hidrogênio

Geração e coleta de hidrogênio a partir de zinco e ácido

Gas Laws Intermediate (High School) 35 min ~$10,00

Objetivo

Gerar gás hidrogênio a partir da reação do zinco com ácido clorídrico e coletá-lo por deslocamento de água.

Contexto

When zinc metal reacts with hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas is produced: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂. The gas can be collected by water displacement in an inverted graduated cylinder, allowing volume measurement and mole calculations.

Avisos de segurança

  • Hydrogen gas is extremely flammable — NO open flames nearby
  • HCl is corrosive
  • Work in a well-ventilated area
  • Do not seal the system completely — pressure buildup risk

EPI necessário

goggles gloves lab_coat

Materiais

  • Zinc granules (5 g)
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)
    2M
  • Distilled water (500 mL)

Equipamentos

Erlenmeyer flask (250 mL) Rubber stopper with delivery tube Pneumatic trough or large bowl Graduated cylinder (100 mL) Rubber tubing

Procedimento

1

Fill the pneumatic trough with water. Fill the graduated cylinder with water, invert it, and place it in the trough.

5 min
2

Place 5 g zinc granules in the Erlenmeyer flask.

2 min
3

Add 50 mL of 2M HCl to the flask. Quickly insert the rubber stopper with delivery tube.

2 min HCl is corrosive
4

Direct the delivery tube under the inverted graduated cylinder. Collect the hydrogen gas by water displacement.

10 min No flames — hydrogen is flammable
5

When the reaction slows, record the volume of gas collected. Note temperature and atmospheric pressure.

3 min
6

Optionally, perform the squeaky pop test: bring a lit splint near a small collection of H₂.

3 min Very small amount only
7

Calculate moles of H₂ using ideal gas law and compare with moles predicted from zinc mass.

5 min

Resultados esperados

5 g Zn = 0.076 mol should produce 0.076 mol H₂ = ~1.9 L at STP. The collected volume should be close to this when corrected for temperature and water vapor pressure.

Limpeza

Neutralize remaining acid with sodium bicarbonate. Dispose of zinc chloride solution down the drain. Rinse all equipment.

Detalhes

Categoria
Gas Laws
Dificuldade
Intermediate (High School)
Duração
35 min
Custo estimado
$10,00
Passos
7
Materiais
3

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Coleta de Gás Hidrogênio?
Gerar gás hidrogênio a partir da reação do zinco com ácido clorídrico e coletá-lo por deslocamento de água.
How difficult is Coleta de Gás Hidrogênio?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 35 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Coleta de Gás Hidrogênio?
Key safety precautions include: Hydrogen gas is extremely flammable — NO open flames nearby; HCl is corrosive; Work in a well-ventilated area.
What materials are needed for Coleta de Gás Hidrogênio?
The main materials required are: Zinc granules, Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Coleta de Gás Hidrogênio?
5 g Zn = 0.076 mol should produce 0.076 mol H₂ = ~1.9 L at STP. The collected volume should be close to this when corrected for temperature and water vapor pressure.