11 Na Sodium 22,99 u

Sodium

Período
3
Grupo
1
Bloco
s-bloco
Fase (STP)
Solid

Sodium is a highly reactive alkali metal essential for biological function. Its compound sodium chloride (table salt) is vital for life.

Aparência: Silvery-white metallic

About Sodium

Highly reactive and soft enough to cut with a knife, sodium is a silvery-white alkali metal that must be kept away from air and water. It has atomic number 11 and an atomic mass of 22.99, melting at a low 371 K. A lone valence electron ([Ne] 3s1) is easily lost, giving an electronegativity of 0.93 and a first ionization energy of 496 kJ/mol. Humphry Davy first isolated the metal in 1807. Sodium is essential to biological function, and its compound sodium chloride—common table salt—is vital to life. Because of its reactivity it never appears free in nature. The element belongs to group 1, period 3.

Propriedades físicas

Massa atômica 22.99 u
Densidade 0.971 g/cm³
Ponto de fusão 97.8 °C
Ponto de ebulição 882.9 °C
Fase em STP Solid
Raio atômico 190.0 pm

Propriedades eletrônicas

Eletronegatividade 0.93
Energia de ionização 495.8 eV
Afinidade eletrônica 52.8 eV
Elétrons de valência 1

Configuração eletrônica

Configuração [Ne] 3s¹

Electron Shell Configuration

Sodium electron shell configuration Na 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 1e⁻
Electron shell structure of Sodium — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 1

Position in Periodic Table

Sodium position in the periodic table Na

Descoberta

Descoberto por: Humphry Davy
Ano: 1807

Bloco e período

Bloco

s p d f

Período

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Tabela Periódica

Lantanídeos Actinídeos

Reações envolvendo Na

Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Neutralization

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

Acid-Base

Decomposition of Sodium Azide (Airbag Reaction)

2NaN₃ → 2Na + 3N₂

Decomposition

Barium Sulfate Precipitation

BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄↓ + 2NaCl

Precipitation

Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis

2NaCl + 2H₂O → Cl₂ + 2NaOH + H₂

Electrochemical

Sodium Hydroxide and Hydrochloric Acid Neutralization

NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O

Double Replacement
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Compounds Containing Sodium

Sodium Periodate

NaIO₄

Sodium Tetraborate

Na₂B₄O₇

Sodium Tungstate

Na₂WO₄

Monosodium Citrate

C₆H₇NaO₇

Monosodium Phosphate

NaH₂PO₄

Sodium Azide

NaN₃

Sodium Dichromate

Na₂Cr₂O₇

Sodium Hydride

NaH

Sodium Metabisulfite

Na₂S₂O₅

Sodium Stearate

C₁₈H₃₅NaO₂

Sodium Sulfite

Na₂SO₃

Sodium Nitrate

NaNO₃

Mais Metal Alcalino

3 Li Lithium 19 K Potassium 37 Rb Rubidium 55 Cs Cesium 87 Fr Francium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Sodium?
Sodium (Na) is a chemical element with atomic number 11. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a metal alcalino.
What are the key properties of Sodium?
Sodium has an atomic mass of 22.99 u, density of 0.971 g/cm³, melting point of 97.8°C, boiling point of 882.9°C.
What is the electron configuration of Sodium?
The electron configuration of Sodium is [Ne] 3s1. It is in the s-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Sodium?
Sodium was discovered by Humphry Davy in 1807.
What is the electronegativity of Sodium?
Sodium has an electronegativity of 0.93 on the Pauling scale.