Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride to PVC

nCH2=CHCl → (–CH2–CHCl–)n

Overview

Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) undergoes free radical addition polymerization to form polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the third most produced plastic worldwide. PVC is rigid by default but can be made flexible with plasticizers. Suspension polymerization is the most common industrial method.

Everyday Example

PVC pipes, vinyl flooring, window frames, wire insulation, and credit cards are all made from this polymerization reaction.

Industrial Importance

Over 45 million tonnes of PVC are produced annually for construction, healthcare, automotive, and packaging applications.

Properties

Type
Organic
Reversible
No
Energy
Exothermic
ΔH
-72.0 kJ/mol
Catalyst
Free radical initiators

Related Reactions

Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Amide Formation (Acetic Acid + Ammonia) Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Bromination of Ethylene Buchwald-Hartwig Amination Cannizzaro Reaction of Formaldehyde Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Condensation Polymerization (Nylon 6,6)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride to PVC?
The balanced equation is: nCH₂=CHCl → (–CH₂–CHCl–)ₙ.
What type of reaction is Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride to PVC?
Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride to PVC is a organic reaction.
Is Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride to PVC exothermic or endothermic?
Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride to PVC is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -72.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride to PVC?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Free radical initiators).