4 Be Beryllium 9,0122 u

Beryllium

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الدورة
2
المجموعة
2
الكتلة
s-كتلة
الطور (STP)
Solid

Beryllium is a lightweight alkaline earth metal with high stiffness. It is used in aerospace materials and X-ray windows.

المظهر: White-gray metallic

About Beryllium

Isolated in principle by Louis Nicolas Vauquelin in 1798, beryllium is a hard, white-gray alkaline earth metal with atomic number 4 and an atomic mass of 9.01. It is light yet stiff, with a density of 1.85 g/cm³ and a high melting point of 1560 K. Two valence electrons in the [He] 2s2 configuration give an electronegativity of 1.57 and a first ionization energy of 900 kJ/mol. Beryllium is transparent to X-rays, which suits it to radiation windows, and its rigidity relative to weight makes it valuable in aerospace materials. Placed in group 2, period 2, the free metal does not occur naturally and must be extracted from minerals.

الخصائص الفيزيائية

الكتلة الذرية 9.0122 u
الكثافة 1.85 g/cm³
نقطة الانصهار 1286.8 °C
نقطة الغليان 2468.8 °C
الطور عند STP Solid
نصف القطر الذري 112.0 pm

الخصائص الإلكترونية

الكهروسالبية 1.57
طاقة التأين 899.5 eV
إلكترونات التكافؤ 2

التوزيع الإلكتروني

التهيئة [He] 2s²

Electron Shell Configuration

Beryllium electron shell configuration Be 2e⁻ 2e⁻
Electron shell structure of Beryllium — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 2

Position in Periodic Table

Beryllium position in the periodic table Be

الاكتشاف

اكتشفه: Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
السنة: 1798

الكتلة والدورة

الكتلة

s p d f

الدورة

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

الجدول الدوري

اللانثانيدات الأكتينيدات

التفاعلات المتضمنة لـ Be

Formation of Beryllium Oxide

2Be + O₂ → 2BeO

Synthesis

Electron Capture by Beryllium-7

⁷Be + e⁻ → ⁷Li + νₑ

Nuclear

Compounds Containing Beryllium

Beryllium Oxide

BeO

المزيد من فلز قلوي ترابي

12 Mg Magnesium 20 Ca Calcium 38 Sr Strontium 56 Ba Barium 88 Ra Radium

Explore on Science FYI

GemFYI
Emerald

Beryllium aluminum silicate colored by chromium
GemFYI
Aquamarine

Blue-green beryl variety
MineralFYI
Beryl

Primary beryllium mineral

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Beryllium?
Beryllium (Be) is a chemical element with atomic number 4. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a فلز قلوي ترابي.
What are the key properties of Beryllium?
Beryllium has an atomic mass of 9.0122 u, density of 1.85 g/cm³, melting point of 1286.8°C, boiling point of 2468.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Beryllium?
The electron configuration of Beryllium is [He] 2s2. It is in the s-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Beryllium?
Beryllium was discovered by Louis Nicolas Vauquelin in 1798.
What is the electronegativity of Beryllium?
Beryllium has an electronegativity of 1.57 on the Pauling scale.