15 P Phosphorus 30,974 u

Phosphorus

Add one script tag to your page:

<div data-chemfyi="element" data-slug="P"></div>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chemfyi-embed@1/dist/embed.min.js" defer></script>

Embed as an iframe:

<iframe src="https://chemfyi.com/iframe/element/P/?style=modern&theme=light" width="420" height="400" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" style="border:0;border-radius:10px;max-width:100%"></iframe>

Paste the URL in WordPress, Medium, or Ghost:

https://chemfyi.com/ar/element/p/

Shields.io-compatible SVG badge:

Phosphorus badge ![Phosphorus](https://chemfyi.com/badge/element/P.svg)

Web Component:

<chemfyi-element slug="P"></chemfyi-element>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chemfyi-embed@1/dist/embed.min.js" defer></script>
الدورة
3
المجموعة
15
الكتلة
p-كتلة
الطور (STP)
Solid

Phosphorus is essential for life, found in DNA, RNA, and ATP. It exists in several allotropic forms including white and red phosphorus.

المظهر: Waxy white (white phosphorus)

About Phosphorus

Discovered by the alchemist Hennig Brand in 1669, phosphorus was among the first elements isolated in the modern era. It is a reactive nonmetal of atomic number 15 and atomic mass 30.974, appearing most familiarly as a waxy white solid that melts at 317 K. Five valence electrons ([Ne] 3s2 3p3) give an electronegativity of 2.19 and a first ionization energy of 1012 kJ/mol. The element exists in several allotropic forms, including white and red phosphorus. Phosphorus is essential to life, forming part of DNA, RNA, and the energy carrier ATP. It sits in group 15, period 3, below nitrogen.

الخصائص الفيزيائية

الكتلة الذرية 30.974 u
الكثافة 1.82 g/cm³
نقطة الانصهار 44.2 °C
نقطة الغليان 280.6 °C
الطور عند STP Solid
نصف القطر الذري 98.0 pm

الخصائص الإلكترونية

الكهروسالبية 2.19
طاقة التأين 1011.8 eV
ألفة الإلكترون 72.0 eV
إلكترونات التكافؤ 5

التوزيع الإلكتروني

التهيئة [Ne] 3s² 3p³

Electron Shell Configuration

Phosphorus electron shell configuration P 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 5e⁻
Electron shell structure of Phosphorus — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 5

Position in Periodic Table

Phosphorus position in the periodic table P

الاكتشاف

اكتشفه: Hennig Brand
السنة: 1669

الكتلة والدورة

الكتلة

s p d f

الدورة

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

الجدول الدوري

اللانثانيدات الأكتينيدات

التفاعلات المتضمنة لـ P

Formation of Phosphorus Pentoxide

P₄ + 5O₂ → P₄O₁₀

Synthesis

Sodium Hydroxide and Phosphoric Acid

3NaOH + H₃PO₄ → Na₃PO₄ + 3H₂O

Double Replacement

Phosphoric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide (First Neutralization)

H₃PO₄ + NaOH → NaH₂PO₄ + H₂O

Acid-Base

Phosphoric Acid Complete Neutralization

H₃PO₄ + 3NaOH → Na₃PO₄ + 3H₂O

Acid-Base

Phosphoric Acid Second Neutralization

H₃PO₄ + 2NaOH → Na₂HPO₄ + 2H₂O

Acid-Base
عرض جميع 6 تفاعل →

Compounds Containing Phosphorus

Phosphoric Acid

H₃PO₄

Phosphine

PH₃

Diammonium Phosphate

(NH₄)₂HPO₄

Sodium Phosphate Tribasic

Na₃PO₄

Potassium Phosphate Dibasic

K₂HPO₄

Phosphorus Trichloride

PCl₃

Sodium Hexametaphosphate

(NaPO₃)₆

Calcium Phosphate

Ca₃(PO₄)₂

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂

Coenzyme A

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide

C₂₇H₃₃N₉O₁₅P₂

Glyphosate

C₃H₈NO₅P

المزيد من لا فلز

1 H Hydrogen 6 C Carbon 7 N Nitrogen 8 O Oxygen 16 S Sulfur 34 Se Selenium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Phosphorus?
Phosphorus (P) is a chemical element with atomic number 15. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a لا فلز.
What are the key properties of Phosphorus?
Phosphorus has an atomic mass of 30.974 u, density of 1.82 g/cm³, melting point of 44.2°C, boiling point of 280.6°C.
What is the electron configuration of Phosphorus?
The electron configuration of Phosphorus is [Ne] 3s2 3p3. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Phosphorus?
Phosphorus was discovered by Hennig Brand in 1669.
What is the electronegativity of Phosphorus?
Phosphorus has an electronegativity of 2.19 on the Pauling scale.