تحليل كبريتات النحاس كهربائياً

تحليل كهربائي كمي بأقطاب نحاسية

Electrochemistry Intermediate (High School) 50 دقيقة ~$12,00

الهدف

إجراء تحليل كهربائي كمي لمحلول كبريتات النحاس باستخدام أقطاب نحاسية والتحقق من القانون الأول لفاراداي للتحليل الكهربائي.

الخلفية

When copper sulfate solution is electrolyzed with copper electrodes, copper is deposited at the cathode and dissolved from the anode. By measuring mass changes and current, Faraday's law can be verified: the mass of substance deposited is proportional to the charge passed.

تحذيرات السلامة

  • Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested
  • Wear gloves when handling solutions
  • Handle electrical connections with dry hands

معدات الوقاية الشخصية المطلوبة

goggles gloves lab_coat

المواد

  • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) (200 mL)
    1M solution
  • Copper strips (2) (2 pieces)
    Similar size, sanded clean

المعدات

DC power supply (1-5V) Ammeter Beaker (400 mL) Wires Analytical balance Timer Sandpaper

الإجراء

1

Sand both copper strips until shiny. Wash with distilled water and dry. Weigh each strip accurately on the analytical balance.

5 دقيقة
2

Pour 200 mL of 1M CuSO₄ into the beaker.

2 دقيقة Wear gloves
3

Connect the circuit: power supply → ammeter → anode (Cu strip) → solution → cathode (Cu strip) → power supply.

5 دقيقة
4

Set the power supply to give a steady current of about 0.5 A. Record the exact current.

2 دقيقة
5

Run the electrolysis for exactly 20 minutes, monitoring the current.

20 دقيقة
6

Turn off the power supply. Carefully remove both electrodes, rinse with distilled water, dry, and reweigh.

5 دقيقة
7

Calculate the charge passed (Q = I x t). Calculate theoretical mass deposited using Faraday's law: m = (M x Q) / (n x F). Compare with actual mass change.

8 دقيقة

النتائج المتوقعة

The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.

التنظيف

Dispose of copper sulfate solution in heavy metal waste. Rinse and store copper strips. Clean the beaker and equipment.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of تحليل كبريتات النحاس كهربائياً?
إجراء تحليل كهربائي كمي لمحلول كبريتات النحاس باستخدام أقطاب نحاسية والتحقق من القانون الأول لفاراداي للتحليل الكهربائي.
How difficult is تحليل كبريتات النحاس كهربائياً?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 50 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for تحليل كبريتات النحاس كهربائياً?
Key safety precautions include: Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested; Wear gloves when handling solutions; Handle electrical connections with dry hands.
What materials are needed for تحليل كبريتات النحاس كهربائياً?
The main materials required are: Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄), Copper strips (2).
What results should I expect from تحليل كبريتات النحاس كهربائياً?
The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.