بطارية الليمون
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بناء خلية جلفانية بسيطة من فاكهة الحمضيات
الهدف
بناء خلية جلفانية بسيطة باستخدام الليمون وعملة نحاسية ومسمار زنك لإظهار كيفية تحويل الطاقة الكيميائية إلى طاقة كهربائية.
الخلفية
A lemon battery uses the citric acid in lemon juice as an electrolyte. The zinc nail acts as the anode (oxidation) and the copper coin as the cathode (reduction). The potential difference between zinc and copper drives electron flow through an external circuit.
تحذيرات السلامة
- Do not eat the lemons after the experiment — they contain metal residues
- Handle sharp nails with care
معدات الوقاية الشخصية المطلوبة
المواد
-
Fresh lemons (3)Large and juicy
-
Copper coins or strips (3)Clean pennies or Cu strips
-
Zinc-coated nails (3)Galvanized nails
-
Insulated copper wire (1 m)With alligator clips
-
LED light (1)Low-voltage red LED
المعدات
الإجراء
Roll each lemon on a flat surface while pressing gently to break the internal membranes and release juice.
Insert a copper coin or strip into one side of each lemon and a zinc nail into the other side. Keep the metals about 3 cm apart.
Use the multimeter to measure the voltage across a single lemon cell (between the copper and zinc). Record the voltage.
Connect three lemons in series: zinc of lemon 1 to copper of lemon 2, zinc of lemon 2 to copper of lemon 3.
Measure the total voltage of the three cells in series.
Connect the LED to the free copper and zinc terminals. Observe if it lights up.
Record observations about brightness and voltage over time.
النتائج المتوقعة
Each lemon cell should produce approximately 0.9-1.0 V. Three in series should give about 2.7-3.0 V, enough to dimly light a red LED. The voltage will slowly decrease over time as the zinc is consumed.
التنظيف
Remove all metal pieces from the lemons. Dispose of the lemons in the trash (not compost). Wipe down the metal pieces for reuse.
التفاصيل
- الفئة
- Electrochemistry
- الصعوبة
- Beginner (Middle School)
- المدة
- 20 دقيقة
- التكلفة التقديرية
- $5,00
- الخطوات
- 7
- المواد
- 5