Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene

C₆H₆ + CH₃Cl → C₆H₅CH₃ + HCl

نظرة عامة

Benzene reacts with chloromethane in the presence of aluminum chloride catalyst to form toluene and HCl. AlCl₃ generates the electrophilic CH₃⁺ (or a complex equivalent) that attacks the electron-rich benzene ring. This electrophilic aromatic substitution is fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry.

المشاركون

الدور	المادة	المعامل	الحالة
متفاعل	Benzene C₆H₆	1	(l)
منتج	Hydrochloric Acid HCl	1	(g)

مثال من الحياة اليومية

Toluene is a common solvent found in paint thinners, adhesives, and is the precursor to TNT (trinitrotoluene).

الأهمية الصناعية

Friedel-Crafts reactions are used to produce ethylbenzene (for styrene/polystyrene), cumene (for phenol/acetone), and detergent alkylates.

الخصائص

النوع: Organic
قابل للعكس: لا
الطاقة: طارد للحرارة
ΔH: -78,0 kJ/mol
محفز: AlCl₃

التفاعلات ذات الصلة

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?

The balanced equation is: C₆H₆ + CH₃Cl → C₆H₅CH₃ + HCl.

What type of reaction is Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene is a organic reaction.

Is Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene exothermic or endothermic?

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -78.0 kJ/mol.

What conditions are needed for Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?

This reaction requires a catalyst (AlCl₃).