Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)

CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl

نظرة عامة

Methane undergoes free radical substitution with chlorine in the presence of UV light or heat. The mechanism involves initiation (Cl₂ → 2Cl·), propagation (Cl· + CH₄ → CH₃· + HCl, CH₃· + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + Cl·), and termination. Further substitution can produce CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, and CCl₄.

المشاركون

الدور	المادة	المعامل	الحالة
متفاعل	Methane CH₄	1	(g)
متفاعل	Chlorine Cl	1	(g)
منتج	Hydrochloric Acid HCl	1	(g)

مثال من الحياة اليومية

Chloroform (CHCl₃), historically used as an anesthetic, is produced by multiple chlorination of methane.

الأهمية الصناعية

Chloromethane (CH₃Cl) is used as a methylating agent and refrigerant. Dichloromethane is a widely used solvent. Chloroform is an important chemical intermediate.

الخصائص

النوع: Organic
قابل للعكس: لا
الطاقة: طارد للحرارة
ΔH: -98,0 kJ/mol
محفز: UV light or heat

التفاعلات ذات الصلة

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?

The balanced equation is: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl.

What type of reaction is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?

Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is a organic reaction.

Is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) exothermic or endothermic?

Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -98.0 kJ/mol.

What conditions are needed for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?

This reaction requires a catalyst (UV light or heat).