Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)
CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl
نظرة عامة
Methane undergoes free radical substitution with chlorine in the presence of UV light or heat. The mechanism involves initiation (Cl₂ → 2Cl·), propagation (Cl· + CH₄ → CH₃· + HCl, CH₃· + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + Cl·), and termination. Further substitution can produce CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, and CCl₄.
المشاركون
| الدور | المادة | المعامل | الحالة |
|---|---|---|---|
| متفاعل | Methane CH₄ | 1 | (g) |
| متفاعل | Chlorine Cl | 1 | (g) |
| منتج | Hydrochloric Acid HCl | 1 | (g) |
مثال من الحياة اليومية
Chloroform (CHCl₃), historically used as an anesthetic, is produced by multiple chlorination of methane.
الأهمية الصناعية
Chloromethane (CH₃Cl) is used as a methylating agent and refrigerant. Dichloromethane is a widely used solvent. Chloroform is an important chemical intermediate.
الخصائص
- النوع
- Organic
- قابل للعكس
- لا
- الطاقة
- طارد للحرارة
- ΔH
- -98,0 kJ/mol
- محفز
- UV light or heat
التفاعلات ذات الصلة
Swern Oxidation
Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone
Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate)
Kolbe Electrolysis
Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation
Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime)
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene
Condensation Polymerization (Nylon 6,6)
Cope Rearrangement
Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
The balanced equation is: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl.
What type of reaction is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is a organic reaction.
Is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) exothermic or endothermic?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -98.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (UV light or heat).