Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

نظرة عامة

Ethylene reacts with steam over a phosphoric acid catalyst at 300 C and 60-70 atm to produce ethanol. This is the primary industrial method for synthetic ethanol production. The reaction follows Markovnikov's rule.

المشاركون

الدور المادة المعامل الحالة
متفاعل Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
متفاعل Water H₂O 1 (g)
منتج Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)

مثال من الحياة اليومية

Industrial ethanol used in hand sanitizers, solvents, and chemical manufacturing is often produced by this process.

الأهمية الصناعية

This is one of the largest-volume industrial organic reactions, producing millions of tonnes of ethanol for solvents, chemical synthesis, and fuel blending.

الخصائص

النوع
Synthesis
قابل للعكس
نعم
الطاقة
طارد للحرارة
ΔH
-44,2 kJ/mol
محفز
Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica

التفاعلات ذات الصلة

Formation of Nitrogen Dioxide Formation of Potassium Chloride Formation of Sodium Bicarbonate Formation of Sodium Peroxide Formation of Silicon Dioxide Formation of Tungsten Carbide Formation of Copper(II) Sulfide Formation of Sulfur Dioxide Formation of Hydrogen Sulfide Formation of Carbon Monoxide

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH.
What type of reaction is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is a synthesis reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) exothermic or endothermic?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -44.2 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica).