Adenine

C₅H₅N₅

IUPAC: 9H-Purin-6-amine

CAS: 73-24-5

Overview

Adenine is a purine nucleobase that pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA. It is one of the four bases of the genetic code. It is also a component of ATP, NAD+, and FAD, making it central to energy metabolism, signaling, and genetics.

Composition

Element Symbol Atoms Atomic Mass
Hydrogen H 5 1.0080
Carbon C 5 12.0110
Nitrogen N 5 14.0070

Elemental Composition

H
Hydrogen ×5
3.7%
C
Carbon ×5
44.4%
N
Nitrogen ×5
51.8%

Uses

  • • DNA/RNA base pair component
  • • ATP component
  • • Biochemistry research
  • • Cell culture media

Fun Facts

  • ✦ Adenine can be synthesized from hydrogen cyanide, suggesting it may have formed in prebiotic Earth conditions

Safety

  • ⚠ Low toxicity

Structure

SMILES

C1=NC2=NC=NC(=C2N1)N

Properties

Type
organic
State
solid
Molar Mass
135.13 g/mol
Density
1.6000 g/cm³
Melting Point
360.0 °C
Solubility
1.04 g/L at 25°C

Molecular Descriptors

Exact Mass
135.0545
XLogP
-0.1
TPSA
80.5 Ų
H-Bond Donors
2
H-Bond Acceptors
4
Rotatable Bonds
0
Heavy Atoms
10
Complexity
127.0

Also Known As

Vitamin B4 (historical)

Related Compounds

1,2-Dichloroethane

C₂H₄Cl₂

1,3-Butadiene

C₄H₆

1,4-Dioxane

C₄H₈O₂

1-Butanol

C₄H₁₀O

2-Propanol

C₃H₈O

Acetaldehyde

CH₃CHO

Acetamide

C₂H₅NO

Acetic Anhydride

C₄H₆O₃

Acetone

(CH₃)₂CO

Acetonitrile

C₂H₃N

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Adenine?
Adenine (C₅H₅N₅) is a organic compound with the IUPAC name 9H-Purin-6-amine.
What is the molecular weight of Adenine?
Adenine has a molar mass of 135.127 g/mol.
What state is Adenine at room temperature?
Adenine is a solid at room temperature.
Is Adenine organic or inorganic?
Adenine is classified as an organic compound.
What elements make up Adenine?
Adenine (C₅H₅N₅) is composed of Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N).