Maleic Acid

C₄H₄O₄

IUPAC: (Z)-Butenedioic acid

CAS: 110-16-7

Overview

Maleic acid is the cis isomer of butenedioic acid and a key industrial chemical. Its anhydride is one of the most important raw materials for unsaturated polyester resins.

Composition

Element Symbol Atoms Atomic Mass
Hydrogen H 4 1.0080
Carbon C 4 12.0110
Oxygen O 4 15.9990

Elemental Composition

H
Hydrogen ×4
3.5%
C
Carbon ×4
41.4%
O
Oxygen ×4
55.1%

Uses

  • • Polymer production
  • • Food acidulant
  • • Pharmaceutical ingredient

Fun Facts

  • ✦ Maleic and fumaric acid are geometric isomers with very different properties

Safety

  • ⚠ Irritant
  • ⚠ Harmful if swallowed

Structure

SMILES

C(=CC(=O)O)C(=O)O

Properties

Type
organic
State
solid
Molar Mass
116.07 g/mol
Density
1.5900 g/cm³
Melting Point
135.0 °C
Solubility
788 g/L at 25°C

Molecular Descriptors

Exact Mass
116.0110
XLogP
-0.3
TPSA
74.6 Ų
H-Bond Donors
2
H-Bond Acceptors
4
Rotatable Bonds
2
Heavy Atoms
8
Complexity
119.0

Related Compounds

1,2-Dichloroethane

C₂H₄Cl₂

1,3-Butadiene

C₄H₆

1,4-Dioxane

C₄H₈O₂

1-Butanol

C₄H₁₀O

2-Propanol

C₃H₈O

Acetaldehyde

CH₃CHO

Acetamide

C₂H₅NO

Acetic Anhydride

C₄H₆O₃

Acetone

(CH₃)₂CO

Acetonitrile

C₂H₃N

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Maleic Acid?
Maleic Acid (C₄H₄O₄) is a organic compound with the IUPAC name (Z)-Butenedioic acid.
What is the molecular weight of Maleic Acid?
Maleic Acid has a molar mass of 116.07 g/mol.
What state is Maleic Acid at room temperature?
Maleic Acid is a solid at room temperature.
Is Maleic Acid organic or inorganic?
Maleic Acid is classified as an organic compound.
What elements make up Maleic Acid?
Maleic Acid (C₄H₄O₄) is composed of Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), Oxygen (O).