Morphine

C₁₇H₁₉NO₃

IUPAC: (4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-Methyl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol

CAS: 57-27-2

Overview

Morphine is the prototypical opioid analgesic, isolated from opium in 1804. It remains the gold standard against which all painkillers are measured.

Composition

Element Symbol Atoms Atomic Mass
Hydrogen H 19 1.0080
Carbon C 17 12.0110
Nitrogen N 1 14.0070
Oxygen O 3 15.9990

Elemental Composition

H
Hydrogen ×19
6.7%
C
Carbon ×17
71.6%
N
Nitrogen ×1
4.9%
O
Oxygen ×3
16.8%

Uses

  • • Severe pain relief
  • • Palliative care
  • • Anesthesia adjunct

Fun Facts

  • ✦ Named after Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams, by its discoverer Friedrich Serturner in 1804

Safety

  • ⚠ Highly addictive
  • ⚠ Respiratory depression
  • ⚠ Controlled substance

Structure

SMILES

CN1CCC23C4C1CC5=C2C(=C(C=C5)O)OC3C(C=C4)O

Properties

Type
organic
State
solid
Molar Mass
285.34 g/mol
Density
1.3200 g/cm³
Melting Point
255.0 °C
Solubility
0.149 g/L at 25°C

Molecular Descriptors

Exact Mass
285.1365
XLogP
0.8
TPSA
52.9 Ų
H-Bond Donors
2
H-Bond Acceptors
4
Rotatable Bonds
0
Heavy Atoms
21
Complexity
494.0

Related Compounds

1,2-Dichloroethane

C₂H₄Cl₂

1,3-Butadiene

C₄H₆

1,4-Dioxane

C₄H₈O₂

1-Butanol

C₄H₁₀O

2-Propanol

C₃H₈O

Acetaldehyde

CH₃CHO

Acetamide

C₂H₅NO

Acetic Anhydride

C₄H₆O₃

Acetone

(CH₃)₂CO

Acetonitrile

C₂H₃N

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Morphine?
Morphine (C₁₇H₁₉NO₃) is a organic compound with the IUPAC name (4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-Methyl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol.
What is the molecular weight of Morphine?
Morphine has a molar mass of 285.34 g/mol.
What state is Morphine at room temperature?
Morphine is a solid at room temperature.
Is Morphine organic or inorganic?
Morphine is classified as an organic compound.
What elements make up Morphine?
Morphine (C₁₇H₁₉NO₃) is composed of Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O).