Nicotine

C₁₀H₁₄N₂

IUPAC: (S)-3-(1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine

CAS: 54-11-5

Overview

Nicotine is the primary addictive compound in tobacco, acting on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain. It was used as an insecticide before synthetic alternatives.

Composition

Element Symbol Atoms Atomic Mass
Hydrogen H 14 1.0080
Carbon C 10 12.0110
Nitrogen N 2 14.0070

Elemental Composition

H
Hydrogen ×14
8.7%
C
Carbon ×10
74.0%
N
Nitrogen ×2
17.3%

Uses

  • • Historical insecticide
  • • Nicotine replacement therapy
  • • E-cigarette liquid
  • • Research tool

Fun Facts

  • ✦ A drop of pure nicotine on the skin can be lethal, yet small doses in tobacco produce only mild stimulation

Safety

  • ⚠ Highly addictive
  • ⚠ Toxic in pure form (LD50 ~50 mg)
  • ⚠ Absorbed through skin

Structure

SMILES

CN1CCCC1C2=CN=CC=C2

Properties

Type
organic
State
liquid
Molar Mass
162.23 g/mol
Density
1.0100 g/cm³
Melting Point
-79.0 °C
Boiling Point
247.0 °C
Solubility
miscible

Molecular Descriptors

Exact Mass
162.1157
XLogP
1.2
TPSA
16.1 Ų
H-Bond Donors
0
H-Bond Acceptors
2
Rotatable Bonds
1
Heavy Atoms
12
Complexity
147.0

Related Compounds

1,2-Dichloroethane

C₂H₄Cl₂

1,3-Butadiene

C₄H₆

1,4-Dioxane

C₄H₈O₂

1-Butanol

C₄H₁₀O

2-Propanol

C₃H₈O

Acetaldehyde

CH₃CHO

Acetamide

C₂H₅NO

Acetic Anhydride

C₄H₆O₃

Acetone

(CH₃)₂CO

Acetonitrile

C₂H₃N

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Nicotine?
Nicotine (C₁₀H₁₄N₂) is a organic compound with the IUPAC name (S)-3-(1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine.
What is the molecular weight of Nicotine?
Nicotine has a molar mass of 162.23 g/mol.
What state is Nicotine at room temperature?
Nicotine is a liquid at room temperature.
Is Nicotine organic or inorganic?
Nicotine is classified as an organic compound.
What elements make up Nicotine?
Nicotine (C₁₀H₁₄N₂) is composed of Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N).