13 Al Aluminio 26,982 u

Aluminio

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Período
3
Grupo
13
Bloque
p-bloque
Fase (STP)
Solid

El aluminio es el metal más abundante de la corteza terrestre. Es ligero, resistente a la corrosión y muy usado en envases y transporte.

Apariencia: Silvery-gray metallic

Acerca de Aluminio

The most abundant metal in Earth's crust, aluminum is a silvery post-transition metal of atomic number 13 and atomic mass 26.982. It is light at 2.70 g/cm³ and resistant to corrosion, melting at 933 K. Three valence electrons ([Ne] 3s2 3p1) give an electronegativity of 1.61 and a comparatively low first ionization energy of 578 kJ/mol. Hans Christian Ørsted first produced the metal in 1825. Its combination of low weight and corrosion resistance underlies its wide use in packaging and transportation. Aluminum does not occur free in nature, and it sits in group 13, period 3, below boron.

Propiedades físicas

Masa atómica 26.982 u
Densidad 2.7 g/cm³
Punto de fusión 660.3 °C
Punto de ebullición 2469.8 °C
Fase a STP Solid
Radio atómico 118.0 pm

Propiedades electrónicas

Electronegatividad 1.61
Energía de ionización 577.5 eV
Afinidad electrónica 42.5 eV
Electrones de valencia 3

Configuración electrónica

Configuración [Ne] 3s² 3p¹

Configuración de capas electrónicas

Configuración de capas electrónicas de Aluminio Al 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 3e⁻
Estructura de capas electrónicas de Aluminio: electrones por capa.
Capa Electrones
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 3

Posición en la tabla periódica

Posición de Aluminio en la tabla periódica Al

Descubrimiento

Descubierto por: Hans Christian Oersted
Año: 1825

Compuestos que contienen Aluminio

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Aluminio?
Aluminio (Al) is a chemical element with atomic number 13. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a metal post-transición.
What are the key properties of Aluminio?
Aluminio has an atomic mass of 26.982 u, density of 2.7 g/cm³, melting point of 660.3°C, boiling point of 2469.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Aluminio?
The electron configuration of Aluminio is [Ne] 3s2 3p1. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Aluminio?
Aluminio was discovered by Hans Christian Oersted in 1825.
What is the electronegativity of Aluminio?
Aluminio has an electronegativity of 1.61 on the Pauling scale.