21 Sc 스칸듐 44.956 u

스칸듐

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주기
4
3
블록
d-블록
상 (표준 상태)
Solid

스칸듐은 항공우주용 합금에 쓰이는 무르고 은백색인 전이 금속이다. 비교적 드물며 멘델레예프가 발견 전에 존재를 예측했다.

외관: 은백색

스칸듐 개요

Predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev before it was found, scandium was isolated by Lars Fredrik Nilson in 1879, confirming a gap in the periodic table. It is a soft, silvery-white transition metal of atomic number 21 and atomic mass 44.956 that melts at 1814 K. Its configuration [Ar] 3d1 4s2 places the first d-electron of the transition series, with an electronegativity of 1.36 and a first ionization energy of 633 kJ/mol. Relatively rare and hard to isolate, scandium is used chiefly in high-performance aerospace alloys, where small additions improve strength. It stands at the head of group 3, period 4.

물리적 성질

원자 질량 44.956 u
밀도 2.985 g/cm³
녹는점 1540.8 °C
끓는점 2835.8 °C
표준 상태에서의 상 Solid
원자 반지름 184.0 pm

전자적 성질

전기 음성도 1.36
이온화 에너지 633.1 eV
전자 친화도 18.1 eV
원자가 전자 3

전자 배치

배치 [Ar] 3d¹ 4s²

전자껍질 배치

스칸듐의 전자껍질 배치 Sc 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 9e⁻ 2e⁻
스칸듐의 전자껍질 구조 — 껍질별 전자 수.
껍질 전자
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 9
4 (N) 2

주기율표에서의 위치

주기율표에서 스칸듐의 위치 Sc

발견

발견자: Lars Fredrik Nilson
연도: 1879

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 스칸듐?
스칸듐 (Sc) is a chemical element with atomic number 21. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a 전이 금속.
What are the key properties of 스칸듐?
스칸듐 has an atomic mass of 44.956 u, density of 2.985 g/cm³, melting point of 1540.8°C, boiling point of 2835.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of 스칸듐?
The electron configuration of 스칸듐 is [Ar] 3d1 4s2. It is in the d-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered 스칸듐?
스칸듐 was discovered by Lars Fredrik Nilson in 1879.
What is the electronegativity of 스칸듐?
스칸듐 has an electronegativity of 1.36 on the Pauling scale.