Loi de Charles avec un Ballon

Mesure des variations de volume d'un gaz avec la température

Gas Laws Beginner (Middle School) 30 min ~$5,00

Objectif

Démontrer la loi de Charles en mesurant la circonférence d'un ballon rempli d'air à différentes températures.

Contexte

Charles's law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (Kelvin). By heating and cooling a balloon and measuring its size, the linear relationship between V and T can be confirmed.

Avertissements de sécurité

  • Handle hot water carefully
  • Do not use boiling water directly on the balloon

EPI requis

goggles

Matériaux

  • Latex balloons (3)
    Same size
  • String (1 m)
    For measuring circumference
  • Ice (1 kg)
  • Hot water (2 L)
    Various temperatures

Équipement

Large containers (3) Thermometer Ruler or tape measure Timer

Procédure

1

Inflate a balloon to a moderate size and tie it off. Measure its circumference at room temperature with string.

3 min
2

Prepare three water baths: ice water (~5°C), room temperature (~22°C), and hot water (~60°C).

5 min Handle hot water carefully
3

Submerge the balloon in ice water for 5 minutes. Remove and quickly measure circumference. Record temperature.

7 min
4

Return the balloon to room temperature water for 5 minutes. Measure circumference.

7 min
5

Submerge in hot water for 5 minutes. Measure circumference. Record temperature.

7 min
6

Convert temperatures to Kelvin. Plot V (proportional to circumference³) vs T(K). Extrapolate to find absolute zero.

5 min

Résultats attendus

The balloon should be visibly smaller in ice water and larger in hot water. Plotting estimated volume vs absolute temperature should give a straight line. Extrapolating to zero volume should approximate -273°C (absolute zero).

Nettoyage

Drain water baths. Pop and dispose of balloons. Clean up any spills.

Détails

Catégorie
Gas Laws
Difficulté
Beginner (Middle School)
Durée
30 min
Coût estimé
$5,00
Étapes
6
Matériaux
4

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Loi de Charles avec un Ballon?
Démontrer la loi de Charles en mesurant la circonférence d'un ballon rempli d'air à différentes températures.
How difficult is Loi de Charles avec un Ballon?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 30 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Loi de Charles avec un Ballon?
Key safety precautions include: Handle hot water carefully; Do not use boiling water directly on the balloon.
What materials are needed for Loi de Charles avec un Ballon?
The main materials required are: Latex balloons, String, Ice, Hot water.
What results should I expect from Loi de Charles avec un Ballon?
The balloon should be visibly smaller in ice water and larger in hot water. Plotting estimated volume vs absolute temperature should give a straight line. Extrapolating to zero volume should approximate -273°C (absolute zero).