Électrolyse du Sulfate de Cuivre

Électrolyse quantitative avec des électrodes de cuivre

Electrochemistry Intermediate (High School) 50 min ~$12,00

Objectif

Effectuer l'électrolyse quantitative d'une solution de sulfate de cuivre avec des électrodes de cuivre et vérifier la première loi de Faraday sur l'électrolyse.

Contexte

When copper sulfate solution is electrolyzed with copper electrodes, copper is deposited at the cathode and dissolved from the anode. By measuring mass changes and current, Faraday's law can be verified: the mass of substance deposited is proportional to the charge passed.

Avertissements de sécurité

  • Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested
  • Wear gloves when handling solutions
  • Handle electrical connections with dry hands

EPI requis

goggles gloves lab_coat

Matériaux

  • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) (200 mL)
    1M solution
  • Copper strips (2) (2 pieces)
    Similar size, sanded clean

Équipement

DC power supply (1-5V) Ammeter Beaker (400 mL) Wires Analytical balance Timer Sandpaper

Procédure

1

Sand both copper strips until shiny. Wash with distilled water and dry. Weigh each strip accurately on the analytical balance.

5 min
2

Pour 200 mL of 1M CuSO₄ into the beaker.

2 min Wear gloves
3

Connect the circuit: power supply → ammeter → anode (Cu strip) → solution → cathode (Cu strip) → power supply.

5 min
4

Set the power supply to give a steady current of about 0.5 A. Record the exact current.

2 min
5

Run the electrolysis for exactly 20 minutes, monitoring the current.

20 min
6

Turn off the power supply. Carefully remove both electrodes, rinse with distilled water, dry, and reweigh.

5 min
7

Calculate the charge passed (Q = I x t). Calculate theoretical mass deposited using Faraday's law: m = (M x Q) / (n x F). Compare with actual mass change.

8 min

Résultats attendus

The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.

Nettoyage

Dispose of copper sulfate solution in heavy metal waste. Rinse and store copper strips. Clean the beaker and equipment.

Détails

Catégorie
Electrochemistry
Difficulté
Intermediate (High School)
Durée
50 min
Coût estimé
$12,00
Étapes
7
Matériaux
2

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Électrolyse du Sulfate de Cuivre?
Effectuer l'électrolyse quantitative d'une solution de sulfate de cuivre avec des électrodes de cuivre et vérifier la première loi de Faraday sur l'électrolyse.
How difficult is Électrolyse du Sulfate de Cuivre?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 50 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Électrolyse du Sulfate de Cuivre?
Key safety precautions include: Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested; Wear gloves when handling solutions; Handle electrical connections with dry hands.
What materials are needed for Électrolyse du Sulfate de Cuivre?
The main materials required are: Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄), Copper strips (2).
What results should I expect from Électrolyse du Sulfate de Cuivre?
The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.