Mesure du Potentiel d'une Pile Voltaïque

Mesure de la FEM de diverses combinaisons de demi-piles

Electrochemistry Advanced (University) 60 min ~$25,00

Objectif

Mesurer la force électromotrice (FEM) de plusieurs combinaisons de piles galvaniques et comparer avec les valeurs de potentiel de réduction standard.

Contexte

By constructing galvanic cells with different metal/metal-ion half-cell combinations and measuring their voltages, students can experimentally determine relative electrode potentials. Comparing measured values with standard reduction potentials validates electrochemical theory.

Avertissements de sécurité

  • Lead compounds are toxic — handle with extreme care
  • Wear nitrile gloves throughout
  • Wash hands immediately if lead solution contacts skin
  • Dispose of lead waste in designated containers

EPI requis

goggles gloves lab_coat

Matériaux

  • Zinc strip and 1M ZnSO₄ (100 mL)
  • Copper strip and 1M CuSO₄ (100 mL)
  • Lead strip and 1M Pb(NO₃)₂ (100 mL)
    Toxic
  • Tin strip and 1M SnCl₂ (100 mL)
  • KNO₃ salt bridge solution (200 mL)
    Saturated
  • Filter paper strips (10)
    For salt bridges

Équipement

Six 250 mL beakers High-impedance voltmeter or multimeter Wires with alligator clips Sandpaper

Procédure

1

Sand all metal strips until shiny. Prepare 1M solutions of each metal salt in separate beakers.

5 min Wear gloves for lead compounds
2

Prepare salt bridges by soaking filter paper strips in saturated KNO₃ solution.

3 min
3

Construct a Zn/Cu cell: connect with a salt bridge and measure the EMF with the voltmeter.

5 min
4

Construct a Zn/Pb cell and measure EMF.

5 min Handle lead carefully
5

Construct a Zn/Sn cell and measure EMF.

5 min
6

Construct a Cu/Pb cell and measure EMF.

5 min
7

Construct a Sn/Cu cell and measure EMF.

5 min
8

Tabulate all results. Calculate theoretical EMF values using standard reduction potentials and compare with measured values.

15 min

Résultats attendus

Zn/Cu: ~1.10 V, Zn/Pb: ~0.63 V, Zn/Sn: ~0.62 V, Cu/Pb: ~0.47 V, Sn/Cu: ~0.48 V. Measured values should be within 0.05-0.15 V of theoretical due to non-standard conditions.

Nettoyage

Collect all lead-containing waste in designated containers. Dispose of copper waste separately. Rinse metal strips and store. Wash hands thoroughly.

Détails

Catégorie
Electrochemistry
Difficulté
Advanced (University)
Durée
60 min
Coût estimé
$25,00
Étapes
8
Matériaux
6

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Mesure du Potentiel d'une Pile Voltaïque?
Mesurer la force électromotrice (FEM) de plusieurs combinaisons de piles galvaniques et comparer avec les valeurs de potentiel de réduction standard.
How difficult is Mesure du Potentiel d'une Pile Voltaïque?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 60 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Mesure du Potentiel d'une Pile Voltaïque?
Key safety precautions include: Lead compounds are toxic — handle with extreme care; Wear nitrile gloves throughout; Wash hands immediately if lead solution contacts skin.
What materials are needed for Mesure du Potentiel d'une Pile Voltaïque?
The main materials required are: Zinc strip and 1M ZnSO₄, Copper strip and 1M CuSO₄, Lead strip and 1M Pb(NO₃)₂, Tin strip and 1M SnCl₂, KNO₃ salt bridge solution.
What results should I expect from Mesure du Potentiel d'une Pile Voltaïque?
Zn/Cu: ~1.10 V, Zn/Pb: ~0.63 V, Zn/Sn: ~0.62 V, Cu/Pb: ~0.47 V, Sn/Cu: ~0.48 V. Measured values should be within 0.05-0.15 V of theoretical due to non-standard conditions.