Laboratoire de Comparaison des Tests de Flamme

Test de plusieurs métaux pour créer un tableau de référence des couleurs de flamme

Flame Tests Intermediate (High School) 45 min ~$25,00

Objectif

Effectuer des tests de flamme sur six sels métalliques différents pour créer un tableau de référence des couleurs de flamme caractéristiques pour l'analyse qualitative.

Contexte

This comprehensive flame test lab tests multiple metal salts side by side, building a reference chart that students can use for unknown identification. By comparing the flame colors of lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, strontium, and copper directly, students develop the observational skills needed for qualitative chemical analysis.

Avertissements de sécurité

  • Wear safety goggles at all times
  • Wear gloves when handling copper chloride
  • Handle HCl with care — avoid contact with skin
  • Keep hair tied back near open flames
  • Clean wire between each test to prevent cross-contamination

EPI requis

goggles gloves lab_coat

Matériaux

  • Lithium chloride (LiCl) (0.5 g)
  • Sodium chloride (NaCl) (0.5 g)
  • Potassium chloride (KCl) (0.5 g)
  • Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) (0.5 g)
  • Strontium chloride (SrCl₂) (0.5 g)
  • Copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂) (0.5 g)
    Toxic
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)
    1M concentration
  • Cobalt blue glass (1 piece)
    For potassium identification

Équipement

Bunsen burner Nichrome wire loop 6 labeled watch glasses Forceps Lab notebook

Procédure

1

Prepare six labeled watch glasses, each containing a small amount of one metal salt.

3 min Wear gloves for copper chloride
2

Clean the nichrome wire thoroughly by repeatedly dipping in HCl and heating until the flame shows no color.

3 min
3

Test lithium chloride first. Dip wire in HCl, then into the salt, and hold in the flame. Record the crimson-red color.

3 min
4

Clean the wire thoroughly. Test sodium chloride and record the bright yellow flame.

3 min
5

Clean the wire. Test potassium chloride. Observe with naked eye, then through cobalt blue glass. Record the lilac/violet color.

4 min
6

Clean the wire. Test calcium chloride and record the orange-red flame.

3 min
7

Clean the wire. Test strontium chloride and record the scarlet-red flame.

3 min
8

Clean the wire. Test copper(II) chloride and record the blue-green flame.

3 min
9

Create a complete reference chart organizing the metals by flame color from red through yellow to green and violet.

5 min

Résultats attendus

A complete flame color reference chart: Li (crimson-red), Sr (scarlet-red), Ca (orange-red), Na (yellow), Ba (yellow-green if tested), Cu (blue-green), K (lilac/violet through cobalt glass). Each color should be distinguishable from the others.

Nettoyage

Clean the wire with HCl. Dispose of copper waste in the heavy metal waste container. Dispose of remaining salts per lab protocol. Clean and dry all watch glasses.

Détails

Catégorie
Flame Tests
Difficulté
Intermediate (High School)
Durée
45 min
Coût estimé
$25,00
Étapes
9
Matériaux
8

Plus d'expériences

Test de Flamme au Baryum 20 min Test de Flamme au Calcium 15 min Test de Flamme au Cuivre 15 min Test de Flamme au Lithium 15 min Test de Flamme au Potassium 20 min Test de Flamme au Sodium 15 min Test de Flamme au Strontium 15 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Laboratoire de Comparaison des Tests de Flamme?
Effectuer des tests de flamme sur six sels métalliques différents pour créer un tableau de référence des couleurs de flamme caractéristiques pour l'analyse qualitative.
How difficult is Laboratoire de Comparaison des Tests de Flamme?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 45 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Laboratoire de Comparaison des Tests de Flamme?
Key safety precautions include: Wear safety goggles at all times; Wear gloves when handling copper chloride; Handle HCl with care — avoid contact with skin.
What materials are needed for Laboratoire de Comparaison des Tests de Flamme?
The main materials required are: Lithium chloride (LiCl), Sodium chloride (NaCl), Potassium chloride (KCl), Calcium chloride (CaCl₂), Strontium chloride (SrCl₂).
What results should I expect from Laboratoire de Comparaison des Tests de Flamme?
A complete flame color reference chart: Li (crimson-red), Sr (scarlet-red), Ca (orange-red), Na (yellow), Ba (yellow-green if tested), Cu (blue-green), K (lilac/violet through cobalt glass). Each color should be distinguishable from the others.