Nitric Acid and Ammonia (Ammonium Nitrate)

HNO3 + NH3 → NH4NO3

Aperçu

Nitric acid reacts with ammonia to form ammonium nitrate, the world's most widely used nitrogen fertilizer. This exothermic reaction must be carefully controlled in industrial production. Ammonium nitrate contains 34% nitrogen, the highest of common solid fertilizers.

Participants

Rôle Substance Coefficient État
Réactif Nitric Acid HNO₃ 1 (aq)
Réactif Ammonia NH₃ 1 (g)

Exemple du quotidien

Ammonium nitrate instant cold packs work by dissolving the salt in water endothermically, providing cold therapy for sports injuries.

Importance industrielle

Over 20 million tonnes of ammonium nitrate are produced annually for fertilizers and mining explosives. Safe storage is critical as it can detonate under certain conditions.

Propriétés

Type
Acid-Base
Réversible
Non
Énergie
Exothermique
ΔH
-145,1 kJ/mol

Réactions associées

Hydrochloric Acid and Barium Hydroxide Acetic Acid and Sodium Acetate Buffer System Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid Ascorbic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Thiocyanate (Endothermic) Carbonic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Aluminum Hydroxide as Amphoteric Acid with NaOH Aluminum Chloride and Chloride Ion (Lewis Acid-Base) Formic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Nitric Acid and Ammonia (Ammonium Nitrate)?
The balanced equation is: HNO₃ + NH₃ → NH₄NO₃.
What type of reaction is Nitric Acid and Ammonia (Ammonium Nitrate)?
Nitric Acid and Ammonia (Ammonium Nitrate) is a acid-base reaction.
Is Nitric Acid and Ammonia (Ammonium Nitrate) exothermic or endothermic?
Nitric Acid and Ammonia (Ammonium Nitrate) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -145.1 kJ/mol.