Fenton's Reaction

Fe2+ + H2O2 → Fe3+ + OH− + OH·

Overview

Fenton's reagent generates highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (OH·) from iron(II) and hydrogen peroxide. The hydroxyl radical is one of the strongest oxidizers known, capable of degrading virtually any organic compound. Fe²⁺ is oxidized to Fe³⁺ while H₂O₂ is reduced.

Participants

Role Substance Coefficient State
Reactant Hydrogen Peroxide H₂O₂ 1 (aq)

Everyday Example

Fenton's chemistry occurs naturally in the body when iron and hydrogen peroxide interact, which is why excess free iron can cause oxidative damage.

Industrial Importance

Fenton's reagent is used in wastewater treatment to degrade recalcitrant organic pollutants, in soil remediation, and in advanced oxidation processes for water purification.

Properties

Type
Redox
Reversible
No
Energy
Exothermic
ΔH
-40.0 kJ/mol

Related Reactions

Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II) Chlorine Oxidation of Bromide Chromate-Dichromate Equilibrium Contact Process SO₂ Oxidation Copper Displaced by Iron Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid Copper Patina Formation (Verdigris) Copper Reduction of Silver Ion

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Fenton's Reaction?
The balanced equation is: Fe²⁺ + H₂O₂ → Fe³⁺ + OH⁻ + OH·.
What type of reaction is Fenton's Reaction?
Fenton's Reaction is a redox reaction.
Is Fenton's Reaction exothermic or endothermic?
Fenton's Reaction is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -40.0 kJ/mol.